Genetics and Heredity

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What is genetics?

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Genetics is the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.

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What is heredity?

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Heredity is the passing of traits from parents to offspring.

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Who is known as the 'Father of Genetics'?

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Gregor Mendel is known as the 'Father of Genetics' for his work with pea plants.

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What are alleles?

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Alleles are the different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus.

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What does a dominant allele do?

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A dominant allele masks the effect of a recessive allele in a heterozygous individual.

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What does a recessive allele do?

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A recessive allele only expresses its trait when two copies are present (homozygous condition).

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses.

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What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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What is selective breeding?

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Selective breeding is the process of choosing specific organisms to breed in order to produce desired traits in offspring.

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles.