Biology Final Exam

Front

What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes decrease the activation energy of the reaction, allowing it to proceed faster.

Front

What is DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that adds new nucleotides to the template strand and proofreads DNA strands to ensure accuracy.

Front

Which class of biomolecules includes DNA and RNA?

Back

Nucleic acids.

Front

What is incomplete dominance?

Back

Incomplete dominance results in blending of traits, where the phenotype of the heterozygote is intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is the process of molecules diffusing with the concentration gradient through a protein channel.

Front

What is the function of enzymes in biological systems?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions without being consumed in the process.

Front

Define nucleic acids.

Back

Nucleic acids are biomolecules essential for all known forms of life, including DNA and RNA, which store and transmit genetic information.

Front

What is the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

Back

Simple diffusion is the movement of molecules from high to low concentration without the help of proteins, while facilitated diffusion requires protein channels.

Front

What is the significance of activation energy in chemical reactions?

Back

Activation energy is the minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur; enzymes lower this energy barrier.

Front

What are codominance and incomplete dominance?

Back

Codominance occurs when both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, while incomplete dominance results in a blend of traits.