Earthquakes, Volcanoes, and Tsunamis Review

Quiz
•
Science
•
10th Grade
•
Hard
+5
Standards-aligned
Eric Panetta
Used 2+ times
FREE Resource
25 questions
Show all answers
1.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
3 mins • 1 pt
One of the pieces of evidence that Wegener was missing to explain his theory was the driving force for moving tectonic plates across Earth. The diagram below represents the structure of Earth and the geothermal gradient (the rate of change in temperature with respect to increasing depth in Earth's interior). The model is a block diagram of a portion of Earth. Arrows represent motion of tectonic plates.
Which statement, based on evidence presented in the diagram, model, and graph most accurately identifies our current understanding of the driving force for the theory of plate tectonics?
The highest amounts of heat from Earth's core is cycled by thermal convection in the mantle, causing lithospheric plates to diverge at mid-ocean ridges.
Higher amounts of heat in the mantle than in the outer core transfer heat absorbed by the crust, causing plates to converge and form volcanic mountain chains on continents.
Higher amounts of heat in the inner core than in the outer core transfer heat to the mantle, causing plates to diverge at ocean trenches.
The highest amounts of heat at Earth's surface is cycled by thermal convection in the lithosphere, causing plates to diverge at hot spots.
Tags
NGSS.MS-ESS2-1
NGSS.MS-ESS2-2
NGSS.MS-ESS2-3
2.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
3 mins • 1 pt
Based on the evidence from the map, which statement identifies the pattern of the ages of crustal rock in North America?
The oldest rocks are found in the Appalachian and Rocky Mountains.
Rocks of the same age are found along the entire coastline of North America.
The oldest rocks in North America are found along the Gulf of Mexico, and the youngest rocks are found along the Hudson Bay.
The central region of the continent contains the oldest rocks, while the youngest rocks are found along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts.
Tags
NGSS.MS-ESS1-4
3.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
3 mins • 1 pt
The cross section represents one theory of the movement of rock materials in Earth's dynamic interior. Some mantle plumes that are slowly rising from the boundary between Earth's outer core and stiffer mantle are indicated.
Hot Spots and Mantle Plumes
Research of mantle hot spots indicates that mantle plumes form in a variety of sizes and shapes. These mantle plumes range in diameter from several hundred kilometers to 1000 kilometers. Some plumes rise as blobs rather than in a continuous streak; however, most plumes are long, slender columns of hot rock slowly rising in Earth's stiffer mantle. One theory is that most plumes form at the boundary between the outer core and the stiffer mantle. They may reach Earth's surface in the center of plates or at plate boundaries, producing volcanoes or large domes.
Compared to the surrounding material, mantle plumes rise toward Earth's surface from the core-mantle boundary because they are
cooler and less dense
hotter and more dense
hotter and less dense
cooler and more dense
Tags
NGSS.MS-ESS2-1
4.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
3 mins • 1 pt
Which layer of Earth's interior is inferred to be composed of solid iron and nickel?
outer core
asthenosphere
inner core
stiffer mantle
5.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
3 mins • 1 pt
The cross section shows the boundary between the Juan de Fuca Plate and the North American Plate. Compared to the crust of the North American Plate, the crust of the Juan de Fuca Plate is:
thicker and more dense
thinner and less dense
thicker and less dense
thinner and more dense
6.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
3 mins • 1 pt
Which table below correctly shows the characteristics of seismic waves when they reach liquid material?
7.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
3 mins • 1 pt
The graph below shows the different velocities of P-waves and S-waves through Earth's interior.
Which cross section best shows the inferred thickness of Earth's interior layers that cause these different velocities?
Tags
NGSS.MS-ESS2-2
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