AP World History Modern unit 2 Practice Test

Which of the following best describes the Columbian Exchange?

• The trade of luxury goods between Europe and Asia.

• The widespread exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and Afro-Eurasia.

• The establishment of European trading posts in the Indian Ocean.

• The importation of African slaves to the Americas.

What was a primary consequence of the encomienda system in Spanish America?

• The end of indigenous slavery.

• The forced labor and exploitation of indigenous populations.

• The equal distribution of land to Spanish settlers.

• The establishment of a strong indigenous middle class.

Which of the following is a defining feature of the Ottoman Empire's devshirme system?

• It granted religious freedom to Christian communities.

• It recruited Christian boys to serve in the Ottoman military and bureaucracy.

• It imposed high taxes on non-Muslims.

• It created trade partnerships with European states.

The rise of gunpowder empires was primarily due to:

• The widespread diffusion of gunpowder from China to Afro-Eurasia.

• The use of advanced naval technology to conquer territories.

• Religious tolerance policies that ensured stability.

• The construction of monumental architecture to project power.

What was a significant result of Zheng He's voyages during the Ming Dynasty?

• The conquest of Southeast Asia.

• The establishment of long-term colonies in Africa.

• The expansion of Chinese maritime influence and tribute relationships.

• The adoption of European technologies in China.

How did the Columbian Exchange affect European economies?

• It led to economic stagnation due to reliance on American silver.

• It stimulated economic growth through the introduction of new crops like potatoes and maize.

• It caused widespread inflation in Europe due to the lack of precious metals.

• It undermined the mercantilist policies of European states.

The mita system in the Inca Empire primarily involved:

• A form of tribute through mandatory labor.

• The establishment of a trade network across the Andes.

• The military service of peasants to defend Incan territory.

• The development of complex agricultural terraces.

The fall of Constantinople in 1453 to the Ottomans led to:

• The beginning of the Crusades.

• The end of the Byzantine Empire and increased European exploration.

• The establishment of the Safavid Empire.

• The collapse of the Silk Road trade routes.

Which of the following best explains the rise of mercantilism in Europe?

• The Protestant Reformation's influence on economic systems.

• The desire to maximize exports and minimize imports to increase national wealth.

• The rediscovery of classical texts during the Renaissance.

• The spread of gunpowder technology.

What was the primary purpose of the Treaty of Westphalia (1648)?

• To end religious conflict in the Holy Roman Empire and establish the principle of state sovereignty.

• To redistribute territory between European powers.

• To create a unified Catholic Church.

• To establish the Ottoman Empire as a European power.