13.5.1 - Civil Engineering - Summary Overview

What is the primary function of an abutment in bridge construction?

• To provide aesthetic appeal

• To support the ends of a bridge and transfer loads

• To increase the speed of construction

• To reduce the cost of materials

Answer explanation

The primary function of an abutment in bridge construction is to support the ends of the bridge and transfer loads to the ground, ensuring stability and structural integrity.

Which type of bridge uses an arch as its main structural element?

• Beam Bridge

• Suspension Bridge

• Arch Bridge

• Cantilever Bridge

Answer explanation

An Arch Bridge uses an arch as its main structural element, allowing it to efficiently distribute weight and withstand forces. This distinguishes it from Beam, Suspension, and Cantilever Bridges, which use different structural designs.

What is the main purpose of a beam in construction?

• To provide lighting

• To support vertical loads

• To enhance design aesthetics

• To reduce noise

Answer explanation

The main purpose of a beam in construction is to support vertical loads. Beams transfer the weight of structures above them to vertical supports, ensuring stability and safety.

How is a beam bridge characterized?

• By its curved design

• By its flat horizontal beams supported at each end

• By its use of cables

• By its triangular shape

Answer explanation

A beam bridge is characterized by its flat horizontal beams supported at each end, which distribute weight evenly. This design contrasts with curved, cable-supported, or triangular structures found in other bridge types.

What does bending refer to in structural engineering?

• The process of painting a structure

• The deformation of a structural element caused by an external load

• The expansion of materials in heat

• The contraction of materials in cold

Answer explanation

Bending in structural engineering refers to the deformation of a structural element caused by an external load. This is a critical concept as it affects the strength and stability of structures.

What is the function of a brace in a structure?

• To provide lighting

• To offer support and stability

• To enhance color

• To reduce weight

Answer explanation

A brace is used in a structure to offer support and stability, helping to distribute loads and prevent deformation. This is essential for maintaining the integrity and safety of the structure.

What is unique about a cantilever bridge?

• It is supported on only one end

• It uses cables for support

• It is made entirely of wood

• It floats on water

Answer explanation

A cantilever bridge is unique because it is supported on only one end, allowing it to extend outwards without additional support underneath. This design is distinct from other bridge types that typically have supports at both ends.

What is the primary function of the central core in a skyscraper?

• To provide aesthetic appeal

• To house residential units

• To support elevators, stairwells, and utilities

• To increase the building's height

Answer explanation

The central core of a skyscraper primarily supports elevators, stairwells, and utilities, providing essential structural stability and functionality, rather than focusing on aesthetics or residential units.

Which branch of engineering focuses on the design, construction, and maintenance of the built environment?

• Mechanical Engineering

• Electrical Engineering

• Civil Engineering

• Chemical Engineering

Answer explanation

Civil Engineering is the branch that specifically focuses on the design, construction, and maintenance of the built environment, including infrastructure like roads, bridges, and buildings.

What is the role of a column in building construction?

• To provide insulation

• To support loads from above

• To enhance the building's appearance

• To increase ventilation

Answer explanation

The primary role of a column in building construction is to support loads from above, transferring weight from the structure to the foundation. This is essential for maintaining the stability and integrity of the building.