Exploring USA's Western Expansion

Which event marked the beginning of the USA's western expansion?

• The Louisiana Purchase

• The Gold Rush

• The Oregon Trail

• The Mexican-American War

Answer explanation

The Louisiana Purchase in 1803 significantly expanded U.S. territory, providing land for westward expansion. It set the stage for future events like the Gold Rush and the Oregon Trail, but it was the initial catalyst for moving west.

What was a primary cause of the USA's western expansion in the 19th century?

• The desire for new trade routes

• The search for religious freedom

• The belief in Manifest Destiny

• The need for military bases

Answer explanation

The belief in Manifest Destiny was a primary cause of the USA's western expansion, as it embodied the idea that Americans were destined to expand across the continent, driving settlers to seek new lands and opportunities.

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CCSS.RL.7.9

CCSS.RL.8.9

Explain how the Homestead Act of 1862 contributed to western expansion.

• It provided free land to settlers willing to farm it for five years.

• It offered tax incentives to railroad companies.

• It established military forts in the west.

• It created new trade agreements with Native American tribes.

Answer explanation

The Homestead Act of 1862 provided free land to settlers who agreed to farm it for five years, encouraging many to move westward and establish new communities, thus significantly contributing to western expansion.

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CCSS.RI.7.3

Analyze the impact of the Trail of Tears on Native American communities.

• It led to the establishment of new Native American territories.

• It resulted in the loss of ancestral lands and significant suffering.

• It improved relations between Native Americans and settlers.

• It increased Native American participation in government.

Answer explanation

The Trail of Tears resulted in the forced removal of Native Americans from their ancestral lands, leading to immense suffering, loss of life, and cultural dislocation, making this choice the most accurate reflection of its impact.

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CCSS.RL.7.9

CCSS.RL.8.9

Compare the acquisition of Texas and California. What was a key difference in how these territories were acquired?

• Texas was purchased, while California was won through war.

• Texas was annexed, while California was ceded by Mexico.

• Texas was discovered, while California was explored.

• Texas was a gift, while California was bought.

Answer explanation

Texas was annexed in 1845 after gaining independence from Mexico, while California was ceded to the U.S. by Mexico following the Mexican-American War in 1848. This highlights the distinct methods of acquisition for each territory.

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CCSS.RL.7.3

Summarize the significance of the Oregon Trail in the context of western expansion.

• It was a major route for settlers moving westward.

• It was a path used by Native Americans to trade.

• It was a military route for the US Army.

• It was a trail for gold miners only.

Answer explanation

The Oregon Trail was significant as it served as a major route for settlers moving westward during the 19th century, facilitating the migration and expansion of the United States into the western territories.

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CCSS.RL.4.2

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CCSS.RI.4.9

Sequence the following events in the order they occurred: The Gold Rush, The Louisiana Purchase, The Trail of Tears, The Homestead Act.

• The Louisiana Purchase, The Trail of Tears, The Gold Rush, The Homestead Act

• The Gold Rush, The Louisiana Purchase, The Homestead Act, The Trail of Tears

• The Trail of Tears, The Louisiana Purchase, The Gold Rush, The Homestead Act

• The Homestead Act, The Gold Rush, The Trail of Tears, The Louisiana Purchase

Answer explanation

The Louisiana Purchase (1803) expanded U.S. territory, followed by the Trail of Tears (1830s) as Native Americans were forcibly relocated. The Gold Rush (1848) brought settlers west, and the Homestead Act (1862) encouraged settlement of these lands.

Identify the legislation that granted 160 acres of land to settlers for a small fee, provided they improved it.

• The Homestead Act

• The Missouri Compromise

• The Kansas-Nebraska Act

• The Dawes Act

Answer explanation

The Homestead Act, enacted in 1862, allowed settlers to claim 160 acres of public land for a small fee, provided they improved it by building a dwelling and cultivating crops, making it a key piece of legislation for westward expansion.

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CCSS.RL.7.9

CCSS.RL.8.9

Explain the role of the Transcontinental Railroad in the USA's western expansion.

• It facilitated faster travel and trade across the country.

• It restricted movement to the west.

• It was used primarily for military purposes.

• It was a barrier to Native American movement.

Answer explanation

The Transcontinental Railroad significantly accelerated travel and trade, connecting the eastern and western United States, which facilitated westward expansion and economic growth.

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CCSS.RL.8.9

Analyze how the Gold Rush affected Native American populations in California.

• It led to increased trade and prosperity for Native Americans.

• It resulted in displacement and conflict with settlers.

• It improved relations between Native Americans and miners.

• It had no significant impact on Native American communities.

Answer explanation

The Gold Rush led to significant displacement of Native American populations as settlers encroached on their lands, resulting in conflict over resources and territory, which severely impacted their communities.

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CCSS.RL.7.9

CCSS.RL.8.9