3.1 Computer Architecture

What is the main purpose of the CPU?

• Store data

• Fetch, decode, and execute instructions

• Transfer data between devices

• Manage user interfaces

Which of the following registers holds the address of the next instruction to be executed?

• Accumulator (ACC)

• Memory Data Register (MDR)

• Program Counter (PC)

• Current Instruction Register (CIR)

What is the function of the Control Bus in a CPU?

• Carry memory addresses

• Transmit data to/from the CPU

• Send control signals between components

• Store frequently accessed data

What happens during the decode stage of the FDE cycle?

• Instructions are fetched from memory.

• The CPU works out the instruction by splitting it into opcode and operand.

• The result of a calculation is stored in the accumulator.

• The Program Counter increments to point to the next instruction.

What does a clock speed of 3.5 GHz mean?

• The CPU can fetch, decode, and execute 3.5 million instructions per second.

• The CPU can perform 3.5 billion instructions per second.

• The CPU has 3.5 cores for processing.

• The CPU has a cache size of 3.5 GB.

Define the term “microprocessor” as used in the flashcards.

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List three characteristics of the CPU that impact its performance.

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During the fetch stage of the FDE cycle, which register holds the instruction to be executed, and what happens to the Program Counter?

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Explain the difference between the address bus and the data bus.

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Compare the roles of the Memory Address Register (MAR) and the Memory Data Register (MDR) in the FDE cycle.

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