3.1 Computer Architecture

What is the main purpose of the CPU?

• Store data

• Fetch, decode, and execute instructions

• Transfer data between devices

• Manage user interfaces

Which of the following registers holds the address of the next instruction to be executed?

• Accumulator (ACC)

• Memory Data Register (MDR)

• Program Counter (PC)

• Current Instruction Register (CIR)

What is the function of the Control Bus in a CPU?

• Carry memory addresses

• Transmit data to/from the CPU

• Send control signals between components

• Store frequently accessed data

What happens during the decode stage of the FDE cycle?

• Instructions are fetched from memory.

• The CPU works out the instruction by splitting it into opcode and operand.

• The result of a calculation is stored in the accumulator.

• The Program Counter increments to point to the next instruction.

What does a clock speed of 3.5 GHz mean?

• The CPU can fetch, decode, and execute 3.5 million instructions per second.

• The CPU can perform 3.5 billion instructions per second.

• The CPU has 3.5 cores for processing.

• The CPU has a cache size of 3.5 GB.

Define the term “microprocessor” as used in the flashcards.

List three characteristics of the CPU that impact its performance.

During the fetch stage of the FDE cycle, which register holds the instruction to be executed, and what happens to the Program Counter?

Explain the difference between the address bus and the data bus.

Compare the roles of the Memory Address Register (MAR) and the Memory Data Register (MDR) in the FDE cycle.