9 Thermal Properties and Temperature – 2019 June

What happens when a metal block is heated?

• Its breadth, height and length all increase.

• Its width increases only.

• Its height increases only.

• Its length increases only.

A night storage heater contains a large block material that is heated electrically during the night. During the days, the block cools down, releasing thermal energy into the room.

Which thermal capacity and which night-time temperature increase will cause the most energy to be stored by the block?

• thermal capacity of block: large,

  night-time temperature increase: large

• thermal capacity of block: large,

  night-time temperature increase: small

• thermal capacity of block: small,

  night-time temperature increase: large

• thermal capacity of block: small, night-time temperature increase: small

The diagram shows the changes of state P, Q, R and S that occur in solids, liquids and gases when they gain or lose thermal energy. What is the name of change R?

• condensation

• solidification

• boiling

• melting

The resistance of a resistor varies linearly with temperature as shown on the graph. Which statement is correct?

• When immersed in boiling water, the resistance is 120Ω.

• The resistance at the lower fixed point is 80Ω.

• When the resistance is 100Ω the temperature is 120 °C.

• The resistor can only be used at temperatures between 0 °C and 100 °C.

Which row describes the process of condensation?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Here are three statements about a liquid-in-glass thermometer with a Celsius scale. 1. The lower fixed point is the temperature at which pure water freezes. 2. The upper fixed point is the temperature at which pure water boils. 3. A scale is made by dividing the distance between the fixed points into equal divisions. Which statements are correct?

• 1 and 2 only

• 2 and 3 only

• 1 and 3 only

• 1, 2 and 3

A student investigates the melting point of a pure substance. She heats the substance slowly and takes readings of its temperature as the substance starts to melt and when it finishes melting. Which statement is correct?

• The temperature decreases slightly as the substance melts.

• The temperature fluctuates as the substance melts.

• The temperature increases as the substance melts.

• The temperature stays the same as the substance melts.

On a cold day, a metal measuring tape graduated in millimetres is used to measure the distance between two fence posts. The measuring tape reads 3.000 m.

On a much hotter day, the metal measuring tape is used to measure the length of the same distance again. The metal measuring tape has a higher temperature than the ground. The temperature of the ground remains constant. Which statement is correct?

• The measuring tape reads less than 3.000 m because the graduations are closer together.

• The measuring tape reads less than 3.000 m because the graduations are further apart.

• The measuring tape reads more than 3.000 m because the graduations are closer together.

• The measuring tape reads more than 3.000 m because the graduations are further apart.

Which row describes the process of melting?

• A

• B

• C

• D

A 1 kg block of aluminium requires more thermal energy to raise its temperature by 1 °C than a 1 kg block of copper requires. Why is this?

• Aluminium is a better conductor of thermal energy than copper.

• Aluminium is a poorer conductor of thermal energy than copper.

• Aluminium has a higher specific heat capacity than copper.

• Aluminium has a lower specific heat capacity than copper.