The Scientist Who Made the Internet Possible | Great Minds: Narinder Singh Kapany

The video explores the development of fiber optics, highlighting Narinder Singh Kapany's pioneering work in bending light, which laid the foundation for modern fiber optic technology. It explains the principle of total internal reflection and how Kapany's invention of the fiberscope revolutionized medical imaging. The video also covers advancements by Charles Kao, who improved fiber optic cables for long-distance data transmission, leading to the modern internet.

What is the key phenomenon that allows fiber optics to transmit data over long distances?

• Refraction

• Dispersion

• Diffraction

• Total internal reflection

Who was Narinder Singh Kapany's collaborator in developing the fiberscope?

• Harold Hopkins

• Charles Kao

• Isaac Newton

• Albert Einstein

What was the primary purpose of the fiberscope developed by Kapany and Hopkins?

• To improve internet speed

• To transmit television signals

• To enhance medical imaging

• To explore outer space

What was Charles Kao's significant contribution to fiber optics?

• Creating the first internet protocol

• Designing the first optical computer

• Developing purer glass to reduce signal loss

• Inventing the first fiber optic cable

In what year was Charles Kao awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in fiber optics?

• 2009

• 1985

• 1970

• 1960