Constructing Scientific Explanations

Paul Andersen discusses constructing scientific explanations, emphasizing the importance of students creating their own models to understand the natural world. He differentiates between explanations and arguments, highlighting the role of evidence and claims. The video covers the components of a good explanation, such as explanandum, cause, and mechanism, and encourages a shift from teacher-led explanations to student-constructed models. Andersen also discusses using inquiry-based learning and visual thinking to help students develop and test their explanations.

What is a key method for helping students construct their own scientific explanations?

• Memorization of facts

• Modeling instruction

• Reading textbooks

• Lecturing extensively

How does a scientific explanation differ from a scientific argument?

• An explanation determines the cause and mechanism of an effect.

• An argument is based on unquestionable facts.

• An argument explains how the natural world works.

• An explanation describes how you know something.

What is the role of a teacher in helping students construct their own explanations?

• Providing all the answers

• Acting as a guide on the side

• Being the sole source of knowledge

• Correcting every mistake immediately

What is a helpful tool for students to organize their scientific explanations?

• A set of multiple-choice questions

• A list of scientific terms

• A graphic organizer with cause, mechanism, and effect

• A detailed textbook

What is the first step in using inquiry to construct models in the classroom?

• Testing all possible explanations

• Ignoring student input

• Creating a shared classroom model

• Starting with a phenomenon

What is the purpose of testing models in scientific inquiry?

• To identify and refine the best explanations

• To ensure all students have the same model

• To prove all models are correct

• To memorize scientific facts

What is a benefit of students testing their own models in the classroom?

• They avoid making mistakes

• They rely solely on teacher explanations

• They memorize more information

• They become more invested in the learning process