Biochemical Building Blocks & Fischer and Haworth Projections: Crash Course Organic Chemistry

This video explores the foundational elements of organic chemistry, focusing on the chemical building blocks of life: carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins. It delves into the structures and classifications of carbohydrates, the components of nucleic acids, the nature of lipids, and the properties of amino acids. The video also covers the conversion between Fischer and Haworth projections, the formation of nucleotides, and the role of amino acids in protein structure.

What was the original belief about organic compounds in the 1800s?

• They were only found in plants.

• They could only be synthesized in laboratories.

• They were made from inorganic materials.

• They were exclusively derived from living organisms.

Which of the following is a characteristic of carbohydrates?

• They always contain a nitrogen atom.

• They have a 2:1 hydrogen to oxygen ratio.

• They are always sweet.

• They are only found in plants.

What is the main difference between D and L sugars in Fischer projections?

• The position of the OH group on the bottom-most chiral carbon.

• The number of carbon atoms.

• The presence of a ketone group.

• The position of the carbonyl group.

What is a nucleoside composed of?

• A nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.

• A nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group.

• A nitrogenous base and a sugar.

• A sugar and a phosphate group.

Which sugar is used in RNA?

• Ribose

• Fructose

• Glucose

• Deoxyribose

What are triglycerides primarily composed of?

• Carbohydrates and fatty acids

• Amino acids and glycerol

• Fatty acids and glycerol

• Phosphate groups and glycerol

What is a phospholipid?

• A lipid with no fatty acid chains

• A lipid with two phosphate groups

• A lipid with a phosphate group replacing one fatty acid chain

• A lipid with three fatty acid chains

What is a zwitterion?

• A molecule with only negative charges

• A molecule with no charges

• A molecule with both positive and negative charges

• A molecule with only positive charges

What determines the shape of a protein?

• The type of lipids present

• The properties of amino acid side chains

• The number of amino acids

• The sequence of nucleotides

How are amino acids classified?

• By their ability to form lipids

• By their side chain properties

• By their ability to form carbohydrates

• By their nitrogenous base