BIOLOGY - Evolution - Evidence for Natural Selection

The video explores the evolution of scientific thought from divine creation to the theory of evolution by natural selection. It highlights the role of fossil discoveries in challenging early beliefs and introduces Charles Darwin's contributions through his observations on the Galapagos Islands. Darwin's theory of natural selection is explained, along with supporting evidence from comparative anatomy and fossil records. The video also discusses modern molecular biology techniques that further validate evolutionary relationships, emphasizing the gradual changes leading to the emergence of new species.

What was the initial assumption about the first discovered fossils?

• They were remains of extinct microorganisms.

• They were remains of alien life forms.

• They were remains of currently existing animals and plants.

• They were remains of mythical creatures.

What did Darwin observe about the finches on the Galapagos Islands?

• They had different sizes, beaks, and claws depending on the island.

• They could not fly.

• They were the only birds on the islands.

• They were identical across all islands.

What is the process called where only the best-adapted organisms survive and reproduce?

• Genetic mutation

• Environmental adaptation

• Artificial selection

• Natural selection

What do transitional fossils demonstrate?

• The sudden appearance of new species.

• The extinction of all land mammals.

• The existence of mythical creatures.

• Traits common to more than one species.

How do molecular biologists determine the relationship between species?

• By comparing their physical appearances.

• By observing their behavior.

• By analyzing their DNA sequences.

• By studying their habitats.