Understanding Earthquakes: Causes, Magnitudes and Effects

The video explains earthquakes, their causes, and effects. It covers tectonic plates, seismic waves, and Earth's structure. Historical earthquakes like Valdivia and Tohoku are discussed. The video also explores earthquake prediction methods and the Richter scale. It concludes with safety tips.

What causes the shaking of the Earth's surface during an earthquake?

• The gravitational pull of the moon

• The movement of tectonic plates

• The rotation of the Earth

• The eruption of volcanoes

Where does an earthquake originate beneath the Earth's surface?

• Epicenter

• Hypocenter

• Lithosphere

• Mantle

What device is used to measure seismic waves?

• Thermometer

• Barometer

• Anemometer

• Seismograph

What is the range of magnitude for a moderate earthquake on the Richter scale?

• 5 to 5.9

• 0 to 2

• 6 to 6.9

• 2 to 4

Which layer of the Earth is the innermost and solid?

• Crust

• Mantle

• Inner core

• Outer core

Which layer of the Earth is similar to an apple's skin in terms of thickness?

• Crust

• Mantle

• Outer core

• Inner core

What are the first waves to be recorded on a seismograph during an earthquake?

• Surface waves

• Tertiary waves

• Secondary waves

• Primary waves

What type of waves are known to cause the most destruction during an earthquake?

• Body waves

• Surface waves

• P waves

• S waves

What is the main challenge in predicting earthquakes?

• Inaccurate seismographs

• Unpredictable nature of seismic waves

• Insufficient data on tectonic plates

• Lack of technology

What gases are released before an earthquake that can help in its prediction?

• Radon and thoron

• Carbon dioxide and methane

• Helium and neon

• Oxygen and nitrogen