Exploring DNA and Cellular Functions

Which of the subatomic particles contributes almost no weight to an atom?

• protons in the electron shells

• electrons in the nucleus

• neutrons in the nucleus

• electrons at various energy levels

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The atomic number tells you the:

• number of neutrons in the nucleus.

• number of protons in the atom.

• atomic mass of the atom.

• number of its electrons if the atom is neutral.

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An atom that has two electrons in the outer shell, such as calcium, would most likely:

• share to acquire a completed outer shell.

• lose these two electrons and become a negatively charged ion.

• lose these two electrons and become a positively charged ion.

• bind with carbon by way of hydrogen bonds.

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Radioactive elements differ in their:

• number of protons.

• atomic number.

• number of neutrons.

• number of electrons.

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When an atom gains electrons, it:

• forms a negatively charged ion.

• forms a positively charged ion.

• forms covalent bonds.

• forms ionic bonds.

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A covalent bond is indicated by:

• plus and minus charges attached to atoms.

• dotted lines between hydrogen atoms.

• concentric circles about a nucleus.

• overlapping electron shells or a straight line between atomic symbols.

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The shape of a molecule:

• is dependent in part on the angle of bonds between its atoms.

• influences its biological function.

• is dependent on its electronegativity.

• is dependent on its place in the periodic table.

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In which of these are the electrons always shared unequally?

• double covalent bond

• triple covalent bond

• hydrogen bond

• polar covalent bond

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Which type of bond results from the sharing of electrons between atoms?

• Covalent

• Ionic

• Hydrogen

• Neutral

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Which of these properties of water cannot be attributed to hydrogen bonding between water molecules?

• Water stabilizes temperature inside and outside the cell.

• Water molecules are cohesive.

• Water is a solvent for many molecules.

• Ice floats on liquid water.

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