Article Three: Structure of Powers of Judicial Branch 2

The video explains the judicial branch of the United States, focusing on Article 3 of the Constitution. It covers the establishment of the Supreme Court, the creation of lower federal courts by Congress, and the role of the Judiciary Act of 1789. The judicial system acts as a check on the legislative branch by declaring laws unconstitutional. Supreme Court judges serve for life unless removed for misconduct. The video also discusses the jurisdiction of federal courts, including original and appellate jurisdiction, and the process for trying crimes. Treason is defined and its penalties are outlined, requiring testimony from two witnesses or a confession. The video concludes with the role of Article 3 in establishing government branches.

What is the primary role of the judicial branch in the United States?

• To amend the Constitution

• To enforce laws

• To interpret the law

• To create laws

Which act established the structure and jurisdiction of the federal court system?

• The Civil Rights Act

• The Judiciary Act of 1789

• The Federal Court Act

• The Supreme Court Act

In which cases does the Supreme Court hold original jurisdiction?

• Cases involving local government disputes

• Cases involving state laws

• Cases involving the Constitution, federal laws, or treaties

• Cases involving private property disputes

What is required for a person to be convicted of treason?

• Approval from the President

• A written statement

• Testimony of at least two witnesses or a confession in open court

• A confession in private

What power does Congress have concerning the penalty for treason?

• To increase the punishment without limit

• To decide the method of execution

• To pardon individuals convicted of treason

• To enact laws and limit the punishment