AP - Cell Communication

Front

Do plant cells communicate using hormones?

Back

Yes, plant cells communicate using hormones.

Front

What is a signal molecule that binds to a plasma-membrane protein?

Back

Ligand.

Front

What do protein kinases add to activate other relay proteins?

Back

Phosphate.

Front

What is a G protein?

Back

A protein on the cytoplasmic side of a membrane.

Front

What determines whether a cell is a target cell for a particular signal molecule?

Back

Signal receptors.

Front

What is the role of ligands in cell communication?

Back

Ligands are signal molecules that bind to receptors on target cells.

Front

What is the function of protein kinases in signal transduction?

Back

Protein kinases activate other proteins by adding phosphate groups.

Front

What is a second messenger in cell signaling?

Back

A second messenger is a molecule that relays signals received at receptors on the cell surface to target molecules inside the cell.

Front

What is the significance of phosphorylation cascades in cell signaling?

Back

Phosphorylation cascades amplify the signal and lead to a cellular response.

Front

How do G proteins function in signal transduction?

Back

G proteins act as molecular switches that transmit signals from receptors to target proteins.