Health Economics for Medical student Pre-Test/Post-test

Which of the following best describes healthcare economics?

• The study of how scarce resources are allocated in the healthcare sector

• The analysis of medical ethics and patient care

• The organization and delivery of medical services

• The development of new medical technologies

Which of the following is NOT a measure of economic evaluation in healthcare?

• Cost-Minimization Analysis (CMA)

• Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA)

• Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA)

• Patient Satisfaction Score (PSS)

Which of the following best describes cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA)?

• Comparing costs of public vs. private healthcare

• Measuring costs against how effective the outcome is

• Calculating patient satisfaction

• Estimating malpractice risks

Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) is used to:

• Compare the relative costs of identical treatments in different regions

• Assess the health outcomes and costs of different interventions

• Rank hospitals based on their financial performance

• Deduct insurance premiums from taxable income

Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) measures:

• The economic productivity of an individual

• The quality and length of life gained from healthcare interventions

• The direct costs of medical procedures

• The amount of healthcare services an individual uses

What is the main limitation of Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) in health care?

• It ignores non-monetary benefits

• It is too simple to be useful

• It only focuses on direct costs

• It always favors the less expensive interventions

What is a capitation payment plan in health economics?

• A form of payment in which providers are paid for each service rendered

• Providers are paid a fixed amount per patient regardless of the services provided

• Payment based on the patient's ability to pay

• Payments made only after treatment

Which payment model involves a single payment for all services related to a treatment or condition?

• Fee-for-Service (FFS)

• Capitation

• Bundled Payments

• Pay for Performance

Which one is not out of pocket?

• Deductible

• Copayments

• Coinsurance

• Premiums

In healthcare financing, what is adverse selection?

• Insuring only healthy individuals

• Attracting high-risk individuals who are more likely to use healthcare services

• Charging higher premiums for older patients

• Preventing individuals with pre-existing conditions from obtaining insurance