Mid Term Exam Review

The diagram shows island formation at a hot spot in Earth's mantle. Islands W, X, Y, and Z were formed by the hot spot's volcanic activity.

​Which island is the oldest?

• Island W

• 
  Island X

• Island Y

• Island Z

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Mesosaurus is a reptile that has been extinct for nearly 300 million years. Fossil remains of this animal have been found in both South America and Africa.

Which statement explains the location of these fossils on opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean?

• South America and Africa were once connected.

  
  

• Mesosaurus crossed land bridges with early humans.

  
  

• Adaptations resulted in identical species in different ecosystems.

  
  

• The reptile changed into a marine organism and swam the Atlantic Ocean.
  

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The map below shows the boundary between the South American plate and the African plate.  The red arrows on each plate show which direction the plate is moving relative to the other plate.  Which kind of tectonic plate boundary is this?

• Subduction zone

• Divergent boundary

  
  

• Convergent boundary

  
  

• Transform boundary
  

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What geologic term best describes the process being shown?

• Hotspots

• Sea-floor spreading

• Mountain building

• Subduction

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Bryce Canyon National Park in Utah is famous for having many formations called hoodoos. Hoodoos are tall structures made of sedimentary rock. The Hoodoo Formation diagram shows the processes that create these unique rock structures.

​Select the two main geological processes that create the hoodoos.

• erosion

• deposition

  
  

• weathering

  
  

• volcanic activity

  
  

• tectonic movement
  

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CCSS.RI.8.7

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CCSS.RL.9-10.7

Two students designed the experiment shown below to study stream erosion.

​A steady stream of water flows from a faucet into a tray holding sand and gravel.  The water forms a channel by eroding some of the sand and gravel.  
​
​How can the students increase the amount of sand and gravel being eroded?

• by increasing the water temperature

• by adding coarse gravel to the tray

• by increasing the tilt of the tray

• 
  by reducing the amount of flowing water

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CCSS.RI.7.5

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Which is the oldest rock layer? 

• G.

• B.

• A.

• E.

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What are fossils that are abundant, easily recognizable, short lived, and widespread called?

• Preserved fossils

• Index fossils

  
  

• Imprints

• Radioactive dating

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The Law of Superposition states….

• Younger rock layers are on top of older rock layers

• Fossils are found in sedimentary rocks

• Older rock layers are on top of younger rock layers

• Absolute age dating

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The movement shown in the map indicates that Africa's continental crust is splitting apart in the East African Rift.

As a result of this divergence, what can you predict will happen in the East African Rift region in about five million years?

• Subduction will result in more volcanic activity.

• The land will become flat as the crust continues to thicken. 

• the rift-basin valley will be pushed up into a mountain range. 

• The sea will flood the lowlands when the rift reaches the ocean.

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CCSS.RI.8.7

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CCSS.RL.9-10.7