IGCSE - Kinetic Model of Matter

A crystal of purple potassium manganate(VII) was added to each of the beakers shown in the diagram.

One beaker contained hot water and the other beaker contained cold water. In both beakers the purple colour of the potassium manganate(VII) spreads out. Which result and explanation are correct?

• result - colour spreads faster in cold water

  explanation - particles move faster at a higher temperature

• result - colour spreads faster in cold water

  explanation - particles move slower at a higher temperature

• result - colour spreads faster in hot water

  explanation - particles move faster at a higher temperature

• result - colour spreads faster in hot water

  explanation - particles move slower at a higher temperature

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which change of state takes place during evaporation?

• gas to liquid

• liquid to gas

• solid to gas

• liquid to solid

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Two gas jars are set up as shown.

The lid is removed and the gas jars are left to stand. After some time the contents of both gas jars are brown. Which process causes this to happen?

• condensation

• diffusion

• evaporation

• filtration

Kuku just made himself a cup of hot tea.

Which row describes the water particles in the air above the cup compared with the water particles in the cup?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A bottle of aqueous ammonia is placed on a table in a corner of the laboratory. The stopper is removed and after a few minutes all the students in the room can smell the ammonia. Which process occurs?

• Brownian motion

• diffusion

• dissolving

• distillation

Read the question carefully.

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Substance L melts at –7°C and is a brown liquid at room temperature. Which temperature is the boiling point of pure L?

• –77 °C

• –7 °C to +7 °C

• 59 °C

• 107 °C to 117 °C

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Hydrogen chloride gas, HCl, reacts with ammonia gas, NH₃, to form solid ammonium chloride. The apparatus is set up as shown. After a few minutes, solid ammonium chloride forms where the two gases meet.

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

A student investigated the diffusion of ammonia gas, NH₃, and hydrogen chloride gas, HCl. Two sets of apparatus were set up as shown at room temperature and pressure.

• 64 seconds

• 30 seconds

• 21 seconds

• The blue litmus paper would not change colour.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Ammonia gas is reacted with hydrogen chloride gas using the apparatus shown. Solid ammonium chloride is produced

• Ammonia solution is a base and hydrogen chloride solution is an acid.

• Ammonia molecules diffuse more slowly than hydrogen chloride molecules.

• Hydrogen chloride has a greater molecular mass than ammonia.

• Hydrogen chloride moves by Brownian motion.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2