Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Quiz Quiz

Who were the major thinkers during the Scientific Revolution?

• Thomas Hobbes and John Locke

• Nicolaus Copernicus, Galileo Galilei, and Sir Isaac Newton

• Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau

• Francis Bacon and René Descartes

What did Nicolaus Copernicus propose about the solar system?

• The Earth is the center of the universe

• The Sun is the center of the universe

• The Moon is the center of the universe

• Jupiter is the center of the universe

What did Descartes emphasize in his approach to reasoning?

• The importance of dreams

• The importance of logic and mathematical principles

• The importance of emotions

• The importance of tradition

What did John Locke believe about human nature?

• People are naturally selfish and need strong control.

• People are naturally reasonable and have inalienable rights.

• People are naturally aggressive and need strict laws.

• People are naturally deceitful and need constant supervision.

What did John Locke argue in his "Two Treatises of Government"?

• Governments should have absolute power.

• Governments should protect rights and can be overthrown if they fail.

• Governments should be based on religious authority.

• Governments should focus on economic growth.

Which philosopher was an advocate for freedom of speech and religious tolerance?

• John Locke

• Voltaire

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Charles de Montesquieu

Which philosophers developed new methods of reasoning that laid the groundwork for modern science?

• Hobbes and Locke

• Montesquieu and Voltaire

• Bacon and Descartes

• Rousseau and Newton

What did philosophers during the Age of Enlightenment question?

• The existence of God

• Traditional authority and societal norms

• The laws of physics

• The structure of the universe

Identify the five influential philosophers of the Enlightenment from the following options.

• Voltaire, Rousseau, Montesquieu, Locke, and Kant

• Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, and Seneca

• Descartes, Pascal, Leibniz, Spinoza, and Hume

• Hobbes, Machiavelli, Aquinas, Augustine, and More

What is inductive reasoning based on?

• Specific observations

• General principles

• Mathematical proofs

• Historical events