Review: Units 1-3

What was the dominant economic theory of the 17th and 18th centuries that held colonies existed primarily to enrich the mother country through trade?

• Capitalism

• Mercantilism

• Socialism

• Feudalism

Answer explanation

The dominant economic theory of the 17th and 18th centuries was mercantilism, which posited that colonies existed primarily to benefit the mother country through trade, ensuring a favorable balance of trade and accumulation of wealth.

What policy did Britain adopt that allowed colonial economies to flourish independently by loosely enforcing trade laws?

• Salutary Neglect

• Strict Enforcement

• Economic Isolation

• Colonial Autonomy

Answer explanation

Britain's policy of Salutary Neglect allowed colonial economies to thrive by not strictly enforcing trade laws, enabling them to operate with greater independence and flexibility.

What was the main outcome of the French & Indian War for Britain?

• Loss of territories

• Massive debt

• Strengthened alliances

• Economic prosperity

Answer explanation

The main outcome of the French & Indian War for Britain was a massive debt. The war significantly increased Britain's financial obligations, leading to taxation and unrest in the colonies.

What did the Proclamation of 1763 forbid colonists from doing?

• Trading with Native Americans

• Settling west of the Appalachian Mountains

• Establishing new colonies

• Importing goods from France

Answer explanation

The Proclamation of 1763 specifically forbade colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains to prevent conflicts with Native Americans and to stabilize relations in the region.

What slogan was used by colonists to protest British taxes without representation?

• Liberty or Death

• No Taxation without Representation

• Freedom for All

• Equal Rights Now

Answer explanation

The slogan "No Taxation without Representation" was used by American colonists to express their opposition to British taxes imposed without their consent, highlighting their demand for a voice in government.

Who authored the Declaration of Independence?

• George Washington

• Benjamin Franklin

• Thomas Jefferson

• John Adams

Answer explanation

The Declaration of Independence was primarily authored by Thomas Jefferson in 1776. He was chosen for his writing skills and ability to articulate the colonies' desire for independence from British rule.

What was the main issue with the Articles of Confederation?

• Too much power to the central government

• Lack of power to tax or regulate trade

• Overregulation of states

• Excessive military control

Answer explanation

The main issue with the Articles of Confederation was the lack of power to tax or regulate trade, which hindered the federal government's ability to raise revenue and manage economic relations effectively.

What event prompted the Constitutional Convention in 1787?

• Boston Tea Party

• Shays’ Rebellion

• Lexington and Concord

• Stamp Act Congress

Answer explanation

Shays' Rebellion in 1786 highlighted the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation, prompting calls for a stronger federal government, which led to the Constitutional Convention in 1787.

Which political faction, led by Alexander Hamilton, advocated for a strong central government?

• Democratic-Republicans

• Federalists

• Whigs

• Anti-Federalists

Answer explanation

The Federalists, led by Alexander Hamilton, supported a strong central government, advocating for a robust federal authority to maintain order and promote economic growth, distinguishing them from the Democratic-Republicans and other factions.

What is the concept of nullification?

• States can invalidate federal laws they deem unconstitutional

• Federal government can override state laws

• States can secede from the union

• Federal laws take precedence over state laws

Answer explanation

The concept of nullification allows states to invalidate federal laws they believe are unconstitutional, asserting their rights against federal authority.