Science Quiz- Energy and Engines

A(n) (a)   is a device that converts energy from a natural source into useful work.

• engine

• force

• mass

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Match each term to the correct definition.

• Mass

• A force that occurs when one object pushes against another object

• Gravity

• The force of attraction that exists between any pair of objects

• Force

• A push or pull

• Contact Force

• The force that resists motion

• Friction

• Amount of matter

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Forces are important in our world because we need them to produce ______.

• heat
• light
• energy
• motion

Answer explanation

Forces can only be felt, not smelled, seen, or tasted.

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An (a)   causes electrically charged objects to either attract or repel each other.

• electric force

• magnetic force

• contact force

Answer explanation

Refrigerators, air conditioners, light bulbs, stereos, digital watches, computers, telephones --- all electrical devices --- depend on electric forces to operate.

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Electric charges are positive and negative.

If two objects with the same charge are brought near each other, they will (a)   .

If two objects with different charges are brought near each other, they will (b)   .

• repel

• attract

Answer explanation

Rule to remember:

Like charges repel; opposite charges attract.

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What was the name of the special rock used in the first compasses?

• lodestone
• granite
• quartz
• magnetite

Answer explanation

Lodestones are pieces of naturally magnetized iron ore.

The rule for ______ is "Like poles repel, but opposite poles attract."

• magnetic forces

• electric forces

• contact forces

Answer explanation

Any advice with an electric motor has magnets in it --- Ceiling fan, telephones, headphones, loudspeakers, refrigerator and freezer (a magnetic strip holds the doors of the refrigerator and freezer closed). Probably the most important use of the magnet is the compass.

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What does every magnet have?

• A north-seeking pole and a south-seeking pole

• An electric charge
• A magnetic field only
• A single-seeking pole

Match these forms of energy to their correct description.

• Heat energy

• Energy we see; The sun radiates this energy upon the Earth, and at night we fill out homes with this energy by turning on light bulbs.

• Light energy

• Energy that provides electricity; Found in things such as lightning bolts and power lines that bring electricity into your home.

• Electrical energy

• Energy released when atoms are either split apart or joined together; Nuclear power plants use this type to produce electricity.

• Chemical energy

• Energy stored in the bonds that hold molecules and chemical compounds together

• Atomic energy

• Energy we feel; An oven or a burner on a stove gives off this energy.

Answer explanation

Energy is the ability to do work. Work is the result of force moving an object.

(a)   energy is the energy of motion, and (b)   energy is stored energy.

• Kinetic

• Potential

Answer explanation

When released, potential energy (stored energy), becomes kinetic energy (energy of motion).

Example: An inflated balloon has potential energy. The energy you use to blow up the balloon is stored in the balloon as potential energy. If you do not tie the balloon, you must hold the stem to keep the air from escaping. As long as you hold the balloon in your hand, the balloon will not move on its own, even though the air inside is pressing outward with a force of contact. If you let go, the air will escape, and the balloon's potential energy will be changed to kinetic energy as it flies across the room.

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