Understanding Data Threats and Protection

What is hacking and how can it affect data security?

• Hacking is a method of improving data security by identifying vulnerabilities.

• Hacking is unauthorized access to systems that can compromise data security by leading to data breaches and loss of sensitive information.

• Hacking is a type of software that protects data from breaches.

• Hacking refers to the legal access of systems to enhance performance.

List three measures to protect data from hacking.

• Use public Wi-Fi for sensitive transactions.

• Share passwords with colleagues for convenience.

• Disable all security software to improve performance.

• 1. Implement strong password policies. 2. Use encryption for sensitive data. 3. Regularly update software.

Define phishing and provide an example of how it works.

• Phishing is a type of fishing that uses nets to catch fish.

• Phishing involves sending physical letters to steal personal information.

• An example of phishing is an email that looks like it's from a bank, asking the recipient to verify their account information by clicking on a link that leads to a fake website designed to steal their credentials.

• An example of phishing is a phone call asking for your social security number.

What is pharming and how does it differ from phishing?

• Pharming and phishing are the same thing, both targeting email accounts.

• Pharming redirects users to fraudulent websites, while phishing tricks users into providing information.

• Pharming is a type of malware that infects computers.

• Phishing involves redirecting users to legitimate websites.

Explain smishing and its potential impact on individuals.

• Smishing refers to the use of email to steal personal data.

• Smishing is a secure method of sending financial information via SMS.

• Smishing is a type of malware that infects mobile devices.

• Smishing is a phishing attack conducted through SMS, posing risks like identity theft and financial loss.

What is vishing and what methods can be used to prevent it?

• Vishing is a type of phishing attack conducted via phone calls, and prevention methods include education, caller verification, and strict information-sharing policies.

• Preventing vishing involves ignoring all phone calls from unknown numbers.

• Vishing is a type of email scam that uses fake websites.

• Vishing is a method of stealing passwords through text messages.

Describe the characteristics of viruses and how they can infect a computer.

• Viruses are self-replicating malicious software that infect computers by attaching to files or programs, spreading through downloads, email attachments, or compromised websites.

• Viruses are physical devices that need to be plugged into a computer to work.

• Viruses can only infect mobile devices through SMS messages.

• Viruses are harmless programs that enhance computer performance.

What are some preventative actions to avoid malware infections?

• Keep software updated, use antivirus, avoid suspicious links, enable firewalls, practice safe browsing.

• Download random software from the internet

• Ignore software updates

• Click on all email attachments

Explain what card fraud is and list two common types.

• Identity theft

• Online shopping fraud

• Two common types of card fraud are card-not-present fraud and card-present fraud.

• Phishing scams

What is shoulder surfing and how can it lead to card fraud?

• Shoulder surfing involves using a camera to capture images of people.

• Shoulder surfing is a method of online shopping that enhances security.

• Shoulder surfing is the act of observing someone to steal their personal information, which can lead to card fraud.

• Shoulder surfing is a technique used to improve posture.