PRE TEST KULIAH dr ELVIOZA

What is the primary cause of vision loss in patients with CRVO?

• Retinal detachment

• Cystoid macular oedema (CMO)

• Optic nerve atrophy

• Corneal edema

What criteria were used to include patients in this study?

• Patients with at least 12 months of follow-up

• Patients who had received prior treatments for CMO

• Newly-diagnosed, treatment-naïve patients with CMO secondary to CRVO

• Patients with CRVO and a history of macular laser treatment

Which of the following best describes the "treat-and-extend" protocol used in the study?

• Fixed monthly injections regardless of disease activity

• Injections followed by 4-weekly monitoring without further treatment unless necessary

• Incrementally extended treatment intervals based on disease stability

• Alternating between anti-VEGF and steroid treatments

What distinguishes the treat-and-extend protocol from a pro re nata (PRN) regimen?

• Fixed monthly injections versus extended intervals

• Treating at every visit with gradual interval adjustments versus treating only when necessary

• Monitoring without regular injections versus frequent injections

• Alternating between anti-VEGF and laser therapy

Which anti-VEGF agents are mentioned as effective in treating CMO secondary to CRVO?

• Ranibizumab, aflibercept, and bevacizumab

• Bevacizumab, dexamethasone, and laser therapy

• Ranibizumab, triamcinolone, and macular laser

• Aflibercept, photodynamic therapy, and bevacizumab

What anti-VEGF agent was used in this study?

• Ranibizumab

• Aflibercept

• Bevacizumab

• Pegaptanib

How many injections were administered on average during the first year of follow-up?

• 6.5

• 7

• 9.5

• 10.2

How was ischaemia defined in this study?

• Presence of neovascularization on the optic nerve head

• More than 75-disc areas of non-perfusion on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UW-FFA)

• Retinal thickness exceeding 300 microns on OCT

• Loss of 30% of visual field on perimetry testing

What statistical result did the study find regarding baseline BCVA and visual acuity gain?

• Higher baseline BCVA was associated with greater mean visual acuity gain

• Higher baseline BCVA was negatively associated with mean visual acuity gain but positively associated with final BCVA

• Baseline BCVA had no significant impact on either visual acuity gain or final BCVA

• Lower baseline BCVA predicted no improvement in visual outcomes