Evidence of Common Ancestry

The DNA triplet sequences present in our genome code for amino acids. These sequences can be found in -

• in humans only

• plants and animals only

• prokaryotes

• All living things

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

This cladogram shows the evolutionary relationships among some mammals based on homologous structures.

• Hippopotamuses are more closely related to cows than javelinas

• Toothed whales are more closely related to mouse deer than hippopotamuses

• Javelinas and pigs are more closely related than baleen whales and toothed whales

• Cows and mouse deer are more closely related than javelinas and pigs

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

The limbs of several organisms are shown in the illustrations below. Scientists sometimes compare the limbs of these organisms to look for evidence of common ancestry.

• have the same basic structure
• perform the same function
• are the same size
• are parts of mammals

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Cetaceans are whales and their relatives. The diagram shows some fossils of cetaceans.

• Homologous structures occur in each fossil.
• Similar nitrogenous bases are found in the DNA of each fossil.
• The fossils were found in different locations.
• The youngest fossil is larger than the older fossils.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

A cladogram is shown below. According to the diagram, which organisms have eggs with shells?

• Birds
• Birds and crocodiles
• Birds, crocodiles, and rodents
• Birds, crocodiles, rodents, and primates

Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development

• natural selection
• embryology
• speciation
• evolution

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-3

How do fossils provide evidence that evolution has happened on Earth?

• Fossils show how the sizes of certain animals has changed drastically over millions of years
• Fossils show that some species have gone extinct
• Fossils show how life forms present today are different than those from the past
• Different sedimentary rock layers provide evidence for how the environment has changed over time

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Which layer is the youngest

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-4

What is this an example of?

• Homologous structure

• Analogous structure

• Vestigial organs

• Functional adaption

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

If two organisms have similar traits of DNA they are probably

• share a common ancestor
• share a common environment
• share a common population
• speciation

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2