Topic 4.2 Review Quizziz

The gravitational force between two objects depends on their ________ and the ________ between them. Which terms best complete this sentence?

• mass; distance
• gravity; mass

• mass; inertia

• inertia; distance

Answer explanation

The gravitational force between two objects is determined by their mass and the distance between them. Therefore, the correct terms to complete the sentence are 'mass' and 'distance'.

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How would an increase in the mass of a planet affect the orbit of its moons?

• An increase in mass would increase the orbital speed of a planet’s moons.

• An increase in mass would decrease the orbital speed of a planet’s moons.

• An increase in mass would make the orbital period of a planet’s moons shorter.

• An increase in mass would make the orbital period of a planet’s moons longer.

Answer explanation

An increase in the mass of a planet increases its gravitational pull, which in turn increases the orbital speed of its moons. This results in a shorter orbital period, making the correct choice: 'An increase in mass would make the orbital period of a planet’s moons shorter.'

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Object A moves in a circular orbit around object B. If the gravitational force on object A increases, its orbit could become ________. Which term best completes this sentence?

• smaller

• greater

• slower

• square-shaped

Answer explanation

If the gravitational force on object A increases, it will be pulled closer to object B, resulting in a smaller orbit. Thus, the correct term to complete the sentence is 'smaller'.

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An asteroid orbiting the sun moves away from the body of the sun. How does the asteroid’s orbit change?

• The asteroid’s orbit would slow down and have a greater path.

• The asteroid’s orbit would speed up and have a greater path.

• The asteroid’s orbit would speed up and have a smaller path.

• The asteroid’s orbit would slow down and have a smaller path.

Answer explanation

As the asteroid moves away from the sun, the gravitational pull decreases, causing it to slow down. This results in a larger, more elliptical orbit, hence the correct choice is that the asteroid’s orbit would slow down and have a greater path.

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Which of Newton’s Laws best explains what is happening in the diagram? Explain.

Answer explanation

Newton's First Law best explains the situation, as it states that an object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by an external force. The diagram likely illustrates an object remaining stationary until a force is applied.

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Look at the diagram. Explain why the top two objects have a greater force of gravity between them.

Answer explanation

The top two objects have a greater force of gravity between them due to their larger masses and closer proximity, which increases the gravitational attraction according to Newton's law of universal gravitation.

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This diagram shows three models that represent the gravitational force, F, between objects.

Which model is displaying the most gravitational force of attraction?

• Model 1

• Model 2

• Model 3

Answer explanation

Model 3 displays the most gravitational force of attraction because it likely represents the largest mass or the closest distance between the objects, both of which increase gravitational force according to Newton's law of universal gravitation.

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as the mass of an object increases, the pull of gravity...

• Increases

• Decreases

• Stays the same

Answer explanation

As the mass of an object increases, the gravitational pull it exerts also increases, according to Newton's law of universal gravitation. Therefore, the correct answer is that the pull of gravity increases.

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What does the strength of gravity between two objects depend upon?

• Mass & distance

• Mass & weight

• Gravity & inertia

• Inertia & mass

Answer explanation

The strength of gravity between two objects depends on their mass and the distance between them. The greater the mass, the stronger the gravitational pull, and the farther apart they are, the weaker the pull.

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What is gravitational force?

• attraction or repulsion of charged particles (like protons and electrons)

• attraction between two masses

• force that holds the nucleus of atoms together

• force responsible for nuclear decay

Answer explanation

Gravitational force is the attraction between two masses. It is a fundamental force that pulls objects toward each other, unlike the other options which describe different forces or interactions.

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