Unit 5 Test Review

According to the law of conservation of energy, as energy transformations occur, the total energy—

• increases

• decreases

• stays the same

• goes up and down

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

When energy transformations occur, some energy is always converted into the environment as—

• nuclear energy

• thermal energy

• electrical energy

• mechanical energy

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Based on the circle graph shown, which types of energy made up about 60% of the energy production in the U.S. in 2020?

• Coal and all renewables

• Natural gas and nuclear

• Nuclear and wind

• Natural gas and solar

A student was making a slingshot and pulled back a rubber band. What type of energy does the rubber band have when it is stretched?

• Mechanical kinetic energy

• Elastic potential energy

• Gravitational potential energy

• Chemical potential energy

When a hair dryer is used, which forms of energy are involved in energy transformations?

• Electrical to mechanical to thermal

• Mechanical to thermal to nuclear

• Thermal to radiant to electrical

• Nuclear to mechanical to radiant

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A flashlight uses three different forms of energy. Which shows the energy transformations in the correct order?

• Electrical to mechanical to chemical

• Thermal to chemical to radiant

• Chemical to electrical to radiant

• Mechanical to thermal to chemical

Which statements about energy are true?

• Energy can be transformed from one form to another.

• Energy is the ability to do work or cause change.

• Kinetic energy is always greater than potential energy.

• Energy can be destroyed through nuclear reactions.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student put 3 ice cubes into warm lemonade at noon. At 12:15, the temperature of the lemonade was cooler. The thermal energy moved between substances and transferred—

• in circles swirling around hotter areas or objects

• from colder areas or objects into hotter ones

• in circles swirling around colder areas or objects

• from hotter areas or objects into colder ones

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Which letter shows where the potential energy will be the greatest?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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Which letter shows where the kinetic energy will be the greatest?

• A

• C

• D

• F

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