What is the primary focus of management according to Harold Koontz?

• Getting things done through technology

• Getting things done through people in organized groups

• Getting things done through financial resources

• Getting things done through individual efforts

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic functions of management?

• Planning

• Organizing

• Controlling

• Marketing

According to Peter Drucker, management is described as a multipurpose organ that manages what?

• Business, managers, workers, and work

• Finance, marketing, and operations

• Products, services, and customers

• Technology, resources, and time

What does the principle of 'Unity of Command' ensure?

• Employees receive orders from multiple superiors

• Employees receive orders from only one superior

• Employees can choose their own managers

• Employees can ignore orders from their superiors

Which management theory emphasizes the human element in management?

• Bureaucratic Management

• Scientific Management

• Administrative Management

• Behavioral Science Approach

What is the outcome of effective planning in management?

• A clear organizational structure

• A strategy outlining decisions and actions

• Increased employee turnover

• Reduced need for controlling

Which of the following principles emphasizes fairness and justice in employee treatment?

• Equity

• Stability of Tenure of Personnel

• Discipline

• Authority and Responsibility

What does 'Esprit de Corps' refer to in management?

• Encouraging individualism among employees

• Fostering team spirit and unity

• Strict adherence to rules

• Centralized decision-making

Which management theorist introduced the concept of Scientific Management?

• Douglas McGregor

• Henri Fayol

• Max Weber

• Frederick Taylor

What is the focus of Total Quality Management?

• Product quality and customer satisfaction

• Market expansion

• Cost reduction

• Employee satisfaction