Which of the following is a property of mediators of inflammation?

• Produced locally by cells at the site of inflammation

• Derived from active precursors

• Long-lived

• Cannot stimulate other mediators.

Fill in the blank: _______ are newly synthesized mediators from all leukocytes, platelets, and EC.

• Prostaglandins

• Serotonin

• Lysosomal enzymes

• Histamine

Which mediator is sourced from mast cells, basophils, and platelets?

• Serotonin

• Nitric oxide

• Histamine

• Cytokines

Fill in the blank: _______ are mediators that cause the dilation of blood vessels and increase the permeability of capillaries.

• A) Kinins

• B) Prostaglandins

• C) Cytokines

• D) Chemokines

Fill in the blank: _______ are mediators that are involved in the regulation of immune responses and inflammation.

• Cytokines

• Histamine

• Prostaglandins

• Chemokines

Which of the following mediators is involved in the process of vasodilation and increased vascular permeability?

• Kinins

• Leukotrienes

• Complement

• Cytokines

Histamine is associated with which of the following actions?

• Endothelial activation

• Muscle relaxation

• Neuronal inhibition

• Bone growth

Leukotrienes are produced in leukocytes and _______ cells.

• mast

• red blood

• nerve

• muscle

Leukotrienes are involved in _______ and smooth muscle reactions.

• leukocyte recruitment

• protein synthesis

• DNA replication

• cell division

Which cytokine is primarily sourced from macrophages and other cells and is involved in systemic effects?

• IL-6

• IL-1

• TNF

• IL-17