What is the primary difference between passive transport and active transport?

• Passive transport requires energy, while active transport does not.

• Active transport moves substances along the concentration gradient, while passive transport moves them against it.

• Passive transport does not require energy, while active transport does.

• Both passive and active transport require energy.

Which of the following is an example of a molecule that moves through simple diffusion?

• Glucose

• Oxygen (O₂)

• Sodium ions (Na⁺)

• Proteins

What role do channel proteins play in facilitated diffusion?

• They provide energy for the transport process.

• They create hydrophobic pathways for molecules.

• They provide hydrophilic pathways for ions and polar molecules to diffuse.

• They actively pump molecules against the concentration gradient.

What is the driving force for diffusion?

• ATP energy

• Concentration gradient

• External pressure

• Temperature

What is the role of carrier proteins in cellular transport?

• They facilitate the rapid movement of water molecules.

• They undergo changes to transport specific molecules across the membrane.

• They allow water to diffuse directly through the lipid bilayer.

• They maintain cellular stability by equalizing solute concentrations.

What is osmosis?

• The active transport of ions across a membrane.

• The diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from areas of low water potential to areas of high water potential.

• The diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from areas of high water potential to areas of low water potential.

• The movement of solutes across a membrane using ATP.

What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

• The cell shrinks due to water loss.

• The cell remains stable with no net water movement.

• The cell swells and may undergo cytolysis.

• The cell actively transports solutes out to balance concentration.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

What is the effect of a hypertonic solution on a cell?

• The cell swells and may burst.

• The cell remains stable with no net water movement.

• The cell shrinks due to water exiting, leading to plasmolysis.

• The cell actively transports water in to balance concentration.

What is required for active transport to occur?

• A concentration gradient from high to low.

• The direct expenditure of energy in the form of ATP.

• Equal solute concentrations on both sides of the membrane.

• The presence of aquaporins.

What is endocytosis?

• A process where the plasma membrane engulfs external materials to transport them into the cytoplasm.

• A process where vesicles expel large molecules out of the cell.

• A method of passive transport across the cell membrane.

• A type of cell division.