Warm-Up Day 5 2.1

Which of the following properties is unique to liquids and not shared with solids or gases?

• Fixed shape

• Fixed volume

• Ability to flow

• High compressibility

Answer explanation

The ability to flow is unique to liquids, allowing them to take the shape of their container. Solids have a fixed shape, and gases can flow but do not have a fixed volume, making this property distinct to liquids.

What happens to the particles in a solid when it is heated to its melting point?

• They move closer together

• They start to vibrate more vigorously

• They become completely stationary

• They expand and take the shape of the container

Answer explanation

When a solid is heated to its melting point, the particles gain energy and start to vibrate more vigorously. This increased movement eventually leads to the breaking of bonds, allowing the solid to transition into a liquid.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which of the following best describes the behavior of gas particles?

• They are tightly packed and vibrate in place

• They are loosely packed and slide past each other

• They move freely and are far apart

• They are fixed in a rigid structure

Answer explanation

Gas particles move freely and are far apart, allowing them to fill their container. This behavior contrasts with solids, where particles are tightly packed and vibrate in place.

How does increasing the temperature affect the viscosity of a liquid?

• Increases viscosity

• Decreases viscosity

• Has no effect on viscosity

• Solidifies the liquid

Answer explanation

Increasing the temperature decreases the viscosity of a liquid. As temperature rises, the kinetic energy of the molecules increases, allowing them to move more freely and reducing resistance to flow.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

What property of solids allows them to maintain a definite shape?

• High compressibility

• Strong intermolecular forces

• Low density

• High fluidity

Answer explanation

Solids maintain a definite shape due to strong intermolecular forces that hold their particles closely together, preventing them from moving freely. This contrasts with liquids and gases, which have weaker forces and can change shape.

Which of the following statements is true about the compressibility of gases?

• Gases are incompressible

• Gases are less compressible than liquids

• Gases are more compressible than solids

• Gases have the same compressibility as liquids

Answer explanation

Gases are more compressible than solids because their particles are farther apart, allowing them to be compressed more easily. In contrast, solids have tightly packed particles, making them less compressible.

What is the effect of surface tension on a liquid's surface?

• It causes the surface to expand

• It causes the surface to contract

• It makes the surface rough

• It makes the surface evaporate

Answer explanation

Surface tension causes the molecules at the surface of a liquid to be pulled inward, leading to a contraction of the surface. This effect creates a 'skin' on the liquid, making it more resistant to external forces.

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the viscosity of a liquid?

• Temperature

• Pressure

• Type of liquid

• Color of the liquid

Answer explanation

The viscosity of a liquid is influenced by temperature, pressure, and the type of liquid. However, the color of the liquid does not affect its viscosity, making it the correct choice for this question.

How does the arrangement of particles in a solid differ from that in a liquid?

• Particles in a solid are more randomly arranged

• Particles in a solid are more tightly packed

• Particles in a solid move more freely

• Particles in a solid are less dense

Answer explanation

Particles in a solid are more tightly packed compared to those in a liquid, which allows solids to maintain a definite shape and volume. In liquids, particles are less tightly packed and can move more freely.

Liquids

It ​ (a)   to take the ​ (b)   of its ​ (c)   .

• flows
• shape
• container