Advanced Unit 14 Test

1.1 Complete each sentence with a relative pronoun or adverb. If no word is necessary, write –.

We visited one of the locations _______________ the supermarket chain hoped to open a new store.

Answer explanation

1. "Where" refers to a location. It is used to describe "one of the locations" where the supermarket chain plans to open a store.

1.2 Complete each sentence with a relative pronoun or adverb. If no word is necessary, write –.

The authorities have introduced a new regulation ______________ employers are held responsible for any accidents.

Answer explanation

1. "Whereby" refers to a system or process. It is used here to explain a regulation involving employers’ responsibility.

1.3 Complete each sentence with a relative pronoun or adverb. If no word is necessary, write –.

Nobody _______________ was present at the time remembered seeing Ferguson leave.

Answer explanation

1. "Who" refers to people and is used as the subject of the clause. It describes "Nobody" in this case.

1.4 Complete each sentence with a relative pronoun or adverb. If no word is necessary, write –.

One of the most compelling reasons ____________ the government decided to investigate was the existence of an off shore banking account in the owner’s name.

Answer explanation

1. Either "why" or no word is correct. The phrase "reasons why" is standard, but "reasons" alone can be used without a pronoun.

1.5 Complete each sentence with a relative pronoun or adverb. If no word is necessary, write –.

Investors, many of _______________ had lost their life savings, insisted on the government taking action.

Answer explanation

1. "Whom" is used for people as the object of the clause, referring to "investors."

1.6 Complete each sentence with a relative pronoun or adverb. If no word is necessary, write –.

The point at ____________ regulars need to step in has been reached.

Answer explanation

1. "At which" refers to a point in time and is necessary to describe when regulars need to step in.

1.7 Complete each sentence with a relative pronoun or adverb. If no word is necessary, write –.

The company ______________ I worked for allowed us to leave early on Fridays.

Answer explanation

1. "That" introduces a defining relative clause about "the company I worked for."

1.8 Complete each sentence with a relative pronoun or adverb. If no word is necessary, write –.

One of the company directors, ______________ Ferrari is parked outside, has just been arrested by the police.

Answer explanation

1. "Whose" shows possession, referring to "a company director" and his Ferrari.

2.1 Rewrite each of the pairs of sentences below as one using a defining or non-defining relative clause.

The city appears to be abandoned at this time of night. It is usually crowded with people.

The city _____________________________________________________________________________________

Answer explanation

1. The city, which is usually crowded with people, appears to be abandoned at this time of night.

   • Explanation: A non-defining relative clause ("which is usually crowded with people") gives extra information about the city.

2.2 Rewrite each of the pairs of sentences below as one using a defining or non-defining relative clause.

Selhurst Holdings have made an offer. We cannot accept it.

We cannot ___________________________________________________

Answer explanation

1. We cannot accept the offer which Selhurst Holdings have made.

   • Explanation: A defining relative clause ("which Selhurst Holdings have made") specifies the offer being referred to.