Modals in the past

‘Who bought these flowers? Was it Elsa?’ ‘It _______ Elsa because she isn’t here today.’

• can’t have been
• must have been
• might have been

‘How did they get here so quickly?’ ‘They_______ by car because there aren’t any buses today.’

• may have come
• could have come
• must have come

‘What’s that box that Will’s carrying?’ ‘I don't know. He _______ us a present.’

• can't have bought
• must have bought
• might have bought

That man keeps walking up and down the road. He _______ where he parked his car.

• might have forget
• might have forgotten
• might have forgot

I've looked all over the house for my phone, and I can't find it. I _______ it in Mum's car.

• could have left
• can't have left
• must have left

The washing in the garden _______ because it's been raining all day!

• can't have dried
• might have dried
• must have dried

Nathan went shopping today, so he _____ at home when Jane visited.

• must have been
• can't have been
• may have been

There aren't any shops on that road in town now, so the old sweet shop _____down.

• may not have closed
• couldn't have closed
• must have closed

A Where's my notebook? B I don't know. Do you think you______ it at school?

• might have left
• must have left
• might not have left

A I burned my hand on the iron. B Ow! That ________.

• may have hurt
• can't have hurt
• must have hurt