World history unit 4

What formed the basis for the ideals of the Enlightenment?

• Authority,obedience, Tradition, collectivism ,and conformity.

• These ideals, rooted in ancient philosophy and religion, worked to change long-held perceptions about monarchal rule, which had dominated for centuries.

describe the Enlightenment’s newest system of government; the Constitutional Monarchy.

• A Constitutional Monarchy is a form of government that only allows elected officials to rule without any royal influence.
• A Constitutional Monarchy is a government system without any monarch or royal family.
• A Constitutional Monarchy is a system where the monarch has absolute power over the state.
• Constitutional Monarchy

  a system of government in which the powers of the monarch are limited by a written or unwritten constitution

What were the direct results of the Boston Tea Party, both for the British and the Colonists.

• The British established new trade routes; the Colonists ignored British laws.
• The British imposed the Coercive Acts; the Colonists united against British rule.
• The British withdrew their troops; the Colonists demanded more tea imports.
• The British reduced taxes on tea; the Colonists celebrated British rule.

What did the Napoleonic Code of laws accomplish in France? What were its ideals?

• Promoted feudal privileges
• Napoleon’s code of law that safeguarded ideals of citizens’ equality, individual liberty, and protection of property rights

What did the invention of machine tools that could create part after part of the same size and shape
make possible? Think both what that allowed for industry, and what that also allowed for society as a
whole

• A shift towards artisanal and handcrafted goods.
• The rapid assembly of machines or other devices in a factory, based on a series of operations. This boosted productivity in the factories.

• Reduction in the variety of products available.
• Increased reliance on manual labor in factories.

Describe the Enclosure Movement in England. What were the results?

• The repossession and fencing-in by landowners of formerly common lands, often for the purpose of commercial farming.left many peasants landless, and they became an available workforce for early factories.

• The Enclosure Movement primarily focused on expanding urban areas without affecting agriculture.The Enclosure Movement had no impact on rural populations or agricultural practices.

• The Enclosure Movement resulted in the abolition of feudalism and the establishment of a monarchy.

What role did the banking system play in Industrialization?

• The banking system had no impact on industrial development.
• The banking system focused solely on agricultural investments.
• Governments set up national banks to improve domestic and international trade. Together, private and national banks provided financial backing that stimulated the growth of industry.

• The banking system also played a key role in industrialization. Through loans to industrialists and manufacturers, private banks directed customers' savings into projects such as the building of railroads and factories and the mining of coal

Why did Germany industrialize fairly late compared to other Northern European countries? Why did
Southern Europe lag even further behind?

• Germany began industrializing fairly late, in part because it consisted of a number of independent states for most of the 1800s. Southern Europe had political instability.

• Germany lagged due to a lack of natural disasters; Southern Europe was rich in resources.
• Germany industrialized early due to abundant resources; Southern Europe was politically stable.

Describe the concept of laissez-faire. What would be some possible positives and negatives of such a
policy?

• the idea that the free market, through supply and demand, will regulate itself, and that the government should not interfere in this process. Positives can be the lack of government manipulation, negatives can be the lack of management, thus security.

• Laissez-faire is a policy that mandates government ownership of all businesses.
• Laissez-faire leads to guaranteed equal wealth distribution among citizens.
• Laissez-faire requires strict government regulations to control the economy.

Why did the Industrial Revolution create a greater need for natural resources? How would this
influence the drive towards Imperialism and colonization?

• Colonization was unrelated to the economic changes of the Industrial Revolution.
• Factories could produce large quantities of products, and they wanted to maximize their profits by increasing the number of goods they could make. This led to a search for resources that spread across the world.

• Imperialism was primarily driven by cultural exchanges during the Industrial Revolution.
• The high demand for natural resources led industrialized nations to look for necessary goods beyond their borders. Countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America became essential locations for acquiring natural resources. This led to a new age of imperialism, where industrialized nations formally and informally colonized countries with access to needed natural resources.