Homologous series

Javeria and Ayesha are comparing different members of a homologous series in their chemistry class. They notice that all members in a homologous series have the same _______.

• chemical properties

• physical properties

• molecular weight

• boiling point

Mahlaqa and Irum are learning about organic chemistry. They are curious about how Alcohols are named. What are Alcohols named as?

• Alcohols are named based on the number of carbon atoms in the longest chain and the functional group present, typically using the suffix '-ol'.

• Alcohols are named using the prefix 'hydroxy-' followed by the name of the alkane chain.

• Alcohols are named by counting the number of hydroxyl groups and using the prefix 'poly-'.

• Alcohols are named based on their boiling points and molecular weight.

Hayfa and Isra are discussing the structure of ethers in their chemistry class. What is the structure of ethers?

• A) Oxygen is sandwiched between two carbons

• B) Oxygen is bonded to a single carbon

• C) Oxygen is bonded to two hydrogens

• D) Oxygen is not bonded to any carbon

Match the following chemical structures with their corresponding alkyl group names:

• Propyl

• H₃C-CH₂-CH₂−

• Isopropyl

• CH₃-CH₂−

• Methyl

• CH₃−

• Ethyl

• H₃C-CH-CH₃ (with CH₃ attached to the middle carbon)

Ayesha and Irum are discussing different types of hydrocarbons. Ayesha asks, "What are unsaturated hydrocarbons?"

• Hydrocarbons with at least one double or triple bond

• Hydrocarbons with only single bonds

• Hydrocarbons with aromatic rings

• Hydrocarbons with no carbon-carbon bonds

Isra and Ayesha are in a chemistry lab, and they are asked to identify the general formula and functional group of different organic compounds. Which of the following represents the general formula and functional group of alcohols, carboxylic acid, esters, and amines?

• Alcohols: CnH2n+1OH, Hydroxyl group (-OH); Carboxylic acids: CnH2n+1COOH, Carboxyl group (-COOH); Esters: CnH2n+1COOCnH2n+1, Ester group (-COO-); Amines: CnH2n+1NH2, Amino group (-NH2)

• Alcohols: CnH2n+1COOH, Carboxyl group (-COOH); Carboxylic acids: CnH2n+1OH, Hydroxyl group (-OH); Esters: CnH2n+1NH2, Amino group (-NH2); Amines: CnH2n+1COOCnH2n+1, Ester group (-COO-)

• Alcohols: CnH2n+1NH2, Amino group (-NH2); Carboxylic acids: CnH2n+1COOCnH2n+1, Ester group (-COO-); Esters: CnH2n+1OH, Hydroxyl group (-OH); Amines: CnH2n+1COOH, Carboxyl group (-COOH)

• Alcohols: CnH2n+1COOCnH2n+1, Ester group (-COO-); Carboxylic acids: CnH2n+1NH2, Amino group (-NH2); Esters: CnH2n+1COOH, Carboxyl group (-COOH); Amines: CnH2n+1OH, Hydroxyl group (-OH)

Isra and Javeria are in a chemistry lab trying to identify the correct condensed, molecular, and structural formulas for some common compounds. Which of the following sets of formulas correctly represents ethene, ethanol, butanone, and ethanal?

• Ethene: C2H4, Ethanol: C2H5OH, Butanone: C4H8O, Ethanal: C2H4O

• Ethene: C2H6, Ethanol: C2H6O, Butanone: C4H10O, Ethanal: C2H6O

• Ethene: C2H4, Ethanol: C2H6O, Butanone: C4H8O2, Ethanal: C2H4O2

• Ethene: C2H2, Ethanol: C2H5OH, Butanone: C4H6O, Ethanal: C2H4O