S25 BIO - Unit 2: Checkpoint Cell Organelles

What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?

• Energy production

• Protein synthesis

• DNA replication

• Lipid storage

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Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

• Mitochondria

• Chloroplast

• Nucleus

• Golgi apparatus

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Identify the structure that is present in plant cells but not in animal cells.

• Cell membrane

• Nucleus

• Cell wall

• Ribosomes

What is the role of the cell membrane in both plant and animal cells?

• It provides structural support and protection.

• It controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

• It is the site of photosynthesis.

• It stores nutrients and waste products.

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Compare the functions of mitochondria and chloroplasts in cells.

• Both are involved in energy production, but mitochondria perform cellular respiration while chloroplasts perform photosynthesis.

• Both are involved in protein synthesis.

• Mitochondria store genetic information, while chloroplasts store nutrients.

• Both are responsible for cell division.

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How does the structure of the cell wall contribute to its function in plant cells?

• The cell wall is flexible, allowing for easy movement.

• The rigid structure provides support and protection.

• It is involved in energy production.

• It stores water and nutrients.

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How do the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus work together in a cell?

• The endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes proteins, which are then modified and packaged by the Golgi apparatus for transport.

• The Golgi apparatus breaks down waste, which is then expelled by the endoplasmic reticulum.

• Both are involved in photosynthesis.

• The endoplasmic reticulum stores genetic material, which is then used by the Golgi apparatus.

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What is the main difference between vacuoles in plant and animal cells?

• Plant cells have smaller vacuoles, while animal cells have larger ones.

• Plant cells have a single large central vacuole, while animal cells have smaller, multiple vacuoles.

• Vacuoles in plant cells store genetic information, while in animal cells they store energy.

• Vacuoles are only present in animal cells.

What is the importance of lysosomes in maintaining cellular health?

• Lysosomes are responsible for energy production.

• Lysosomes break down waste materials and cellular debris, preventing accumulation of harmful substances.

• Lysosomes synthesize proteins.

• Lysosomes are involved in photosynthesis.

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Which organelle is known as the "powerhouse of the cell" and why?

• Nucleus, because it contains genetic material.

• Mitochondria, because it produces energy in the form of ATP.

• Ribosomes, because they synthesize proteins.

• Golgi apparatus, because it packages proteins.

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