Colonies in America

A correct definition of viceroyalty would be:

• Territory controlled by the native people of a colony

• Lands controlled by an overseas empire

• Lands ceded by the crown to the population of an specific region

• The representative of the king in the colonies

The following definition corresponds to the concept of: The highest and direct representative of the Spanish Monarchy in America 

• Viceroy

• Vice President

• King

• Governor

One of the main causes of the decline of the indigenous population in America was

• Spaniard's technological advantages

• Indigenous population was not prepared for war.

• Diseases brought from Europe

• Natural disasters

Creoles and peninsulares were two distinct social groups in colonial Spanish America. Peninsulares were (a)   individuals who migrated to the colonies, holding the highest social status and occupying top government, military, and church positions. They were seen as more "pure" and loyal to the Spanish Crown. ​ (b)   , on the other hand, were people of Spanish descent born in the (c)   . Despite their wealth and influence, they faced (d)   and were often excluded from the highest political roles, leading to tensions that contributed to (e)   movements in Latin America.

• Spanish-born
• Americas
• discrimination
• independence
• Creoles
• Mongrels
• America
• Indigenous

Reorganize the following colonial social classes in the correct order.

• Slaves

• Indigenous

• Peninsulares

• Creoles

• Mongrels

The Abdications of Bayonne in 1808, when King (a)   of Spain was forced to abdicate in favor of Napoleon’s brother, (b)   , triggered a crisis of legitimacy in the Spanish colonies, including (c)   (modern-day Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Venezuela). Without a legitimate monarch, local elites questioned their loyalty to Spanish rule and began forming (d)   to govern in the king’s name. This political upheaval fueled growing independence sentiments, leading to the establishment of autonomous governments and, eventually, the independence movement that culminated in Nueva Granada’s separation from (e)   .

• Ferdinand VII
• Joseph Bonaparte
• Nueva Granada
• juntas
• Spain
• Independent
• Portugal
• Ferdinand IV

The discovery of America by (a)   in (b)   marked the beginning of European exploration and colonization of the continent, bringing profound consequences for ​ (c)   American populations. The arrival of Europeans led to the loss of indigenous lands, cultures, and autonomy. Diseases such as (d)   , to which natives had no immunity, caused massive population declines. Additionally, forced labor, enslavement, and violent conquests disrupted indigenous societies, while European cultural and religious impositions altered their way of life forever. Despite resistance, the arrival of Europeans reshaped the Americas, leading to centuries of ​ (e)   and struggle for indigenous survival.

• Christopher Columbus
• 1492
• smallpox
• colonization
• native
• 1943
• Cristobal Columbus
• savage

Label each of the viceroyalties stablished by the Spaniards and Portuguese in America

a

b

c

d

h

Viceroyalty of New Granada

Viceroyalty of Ecuador

Viceroyalty of New Spain

Viceroyalty of Peru

New Granada Colony

Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata

Portuguese colony

Viceroyalty of Gran Colombia

One of the main consequences of the abdications of Bayonne was:

• Political stability in the colonies

• That the royalist remained loyal to the crown.

• Before the political instability creoles encouraged a social revolution

• Spaniards took total control of colonies fighting any sign of revolution.

Organize these options into the correct cathegory:

Groups:

(a) Peninsulares

,

(b) Creoles

,

(c) Mongrels

,

(d) Indigenous

• Privileged social class which possessed the most important charges in the New granada.

• Middle social class in charge of crafting and trading inside the colony.

• Evangelizated people that was the most affected during the conquest process

• Privileged social class with education but not with political participation in the New Granada.