Natural Selection

What is biological fitness defined as?

• The ability to perform physical exercises for a long duration

• The ability to survive and pass on one's genes in a given environment

• The ability to compete in nature without human help

• The ability to adapt to any environment quickly

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Who published the work 'On the Origin of Species'?

• Gregor Mendel

• Charles Darwin

• Albert Einstein

• Isaac Newton

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What is a common misconception about evolution?

• Individuals can evolve within their lifetime

• Evolution is goal-directed

• Only the strongest survive

• Populations evolve, not individuals

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What is NOT a category of natural selection?

• Selective selection

• Disruptive selection

• Stabilizing selection

• Directional selection

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What does the concept of 'survival of the fittest' more accurately described as?

• Survival of the strongest

• Survival of the fastest

• Survival of the fit enough

• Survival of the most intelligent

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The graphs below show the changes in crab color at one beach.

Which of the following is most likely to have caused the change in the distribution?

• A new predator arrived that preferred dark-tan crabs.

• A new predator arrived that preferred light-tan crabs.

• A change in beach color made medium-tan crabs the least visible to predators.

• A change in beach color made medium-tan crabs the most visible to predators.

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Which of the following best illustrates natural selection?

• An organism with favorable genetic variations will tend to survive and breed successfully.

• A population monopolizes all of the resources in its habitat, forcing other species to migrate.

• A community whose members work together utilizing all existing resources and migratory routes.

• The largest organisms in a species receive the only breeding opportunities.

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Which of the following is NOT part of the that mechanisms of natural selection?

• Organisms produce more offspring than can survive.

• Disease and natural disaster will limit population growth.

• Species today descended with modifications from ancestral species.

• Organisms with advantages will survive and reproduce.

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What is the most likely explanation of the data shown below?

• There has been a drought in the area that is affecting all life forms.

• The population of natural predators of the moths has gotten smaller.

• The moths are living in an environment with light trees.

• The moths are living in an environment with dark trees.

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Which of the following statements best describes what will most likely occur to the moth populations in the image above?

• The light moths will be captured by predators more easily than the dark moths, and the population of dark moths will rise.

• The light moths will be captured by predators more easily than the dark moths, and the population of light moths will rise.

• The dark moths will be captured by predators more easily than the light moths, and the dark moths will probably go extinct.

• The light moths will change their wing color to match that of the dark moths.

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