Chapter 19

On the Origin of Species

• Charles Darwin

• Gregor Mendel

• 1865

• 1859

Jean-Baptiste de Lamark

• species evolve through inheritance of acquired characteristics

• species evolve through use and disuse of body parts

• proven true

• proven false

HMS Beagle

• voyage around the world

• 5 years

• Charles Darwin

• went to survey the coast of South America

serve no current purpose

• homology

• homologous structures

• vestigial structures

• convergent evolution

similarity from common ancestor

• homology

• homologous structures

• vestigial structures

• convergent evolution

similar physical features, different functions

• homology

• homologous structures

• vestigial structures

• convergent evolution

convergent evolution

• ex. flying squirrel and sugar glider

• when groups adapt to similar environment in similar ways

• two unrelated species evolve to have analogous features

• mislead phylogenetic

found nowhere else in the world (usually islands)

• biogeography

• pangea

• endemic

used to formerly unite in this single large continent

• biogeography

• pangea

• endemic

geographic distribution of species

• biogeography

• pangea

• endemic