Introduction to Linguistics: Final Test

1.- What is grammatical competence?

• A finite system of elements and principles that make it possible for speakers to construct sentences to do particular communicative jobs.

• The scientific study of language and its structure

• The ability to produce and interpret grammatical sentences

2.- The knowledge included in grammatical competence plus the ability to use that knowledge to accomplish a wide range of communicative jobs – constitutes:

• grammatical competence

• language

• communicative competence

3.- What's communicative competence?

• The knowledge to use grammatical sentences according to context and purpose.

• The combination of grammatical competence with the knowledge of how to use grammatical sentences appropriately to the purpose and context at hand.

• The knowledge of what speech sounds are part of a language and how they work together.

4.- According to Jakobson these are the elements of communication:

• Sign and signifier.

• Langue and Parole.

• Addresser, Addressee, contact relational channel, common code, context, message.

5.- It helps us to make people do something and it includes orders and prayers. For example: “Drink!” or “Don’t touch that!”.

What function of the language is it?

• Poetic

• Conative

• Metalingual

6.- Shows things or facts, it is the most obvious function of language: for example: “The earth is round.”, “Water boils at 100 degrees.”

What function of the language is it?

• Metalingual

• Conative

• Referential

7.- It is used whenever the addresser and the addressee need to check whether they use the same code and when the language is used to speak about language. For example: “What do you mean by ‘krill’?”, “ What is plucked?”.

What function of the language is it?

• Phatic

• Metalingual

• Referential

8.- Its main objective is to give greater emphasis to the information that is transmitted and embellish the message so that its impact is greater.

What function of the language is it?

• Phatic

• Poetic

• Conative

9.- In this function, we communicate for ourselves more than other people who hear us or not. For example: the interjections, which are words or phrases used to express sudden surprise, pleasure or annoyance such as: “Bah!” , “Oh!” , “Yuck!” “Ouch!”, and etc.

What function of the language is it?

• Referential

• Conative

• Emotive

10.- What are three important components to speech production?

• sing, symbol and signifier

• voice, articulation and fluency

• form, meaning and signs