Understanding Atomic Structure

What are electrons and how do they determine an atom's properties?

• Electrons are negatively charged particles that determine an atom's properties by influencing its reactivity and bonding through their arrangement in electron shells.

• Electrons are neutral particles that do not influence chemical reactions.

• Electrons are found in the nucleus and determine the mass of an atom.

• Electrons are positively charged particles that have no effect on an atom's properties.

Describe the electron configuration of a neon atom.

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁷

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁶

• 1s² 2s¹ 2p⁶

• 1s² 2s² 2p⁵

What is an isotope and why is it important in chemistry?

• An isotope is a type of chemical bond that forms between two elements, crucial for creating compounds.

• An isotope is a variant of an element with the same number of protons but different neutrons, important for applications in dating, medicine, and research.

• An isotope is an element with different protons and the same neutrons, used only in nuclear power.

• An isotope is a molecule that contains multiple elements, important for energy production.

How do isotopes differ from one another?

• Isotopes differ in the number of neutrons in their nuclei.

• Isotopes are defined by their mass number being the same.

• Isotopes differ in the number of protons in their nuclei.

• Isotopes have different chemical properties due to their electron configurations.

Explain the main features of Bohr's atomic model.

• Electrons are located in fixed positions around the nucleus.

• Energy levels can vary continuously without restrictions.

• Electrons do not emit or absorb energy during transitions.

• Bohr's atomic model features quantized electron orbits, fixed energy levels, and the emission or absorption of energy when electrons transition between these levels.

What are the limitations of the Bohr model?

• The Bohr model accurately describes all atomic structures.

• The limitations of the Bohr model include its inability to accurately describe multi-electron atoms, neglect of quantum mechanics principles, and failure to explain fine structure.

• The Bohr model includes principles of relativity.

• The Bohr model is the only model used in quantum mechanics.

List the three main subatomic particles and their charges.

• Protons: 0, Neutrons: +1, Electrons: -1

• Protons: +1, Neutrons: 0, Electrons: -1

• Protons: +2, Neutrons: 0, Electrons: -2

• Protons: +1, Neutrons: -1, Electrons: 0

Where are protons located in an atom?

• Protons are located in the nucleus of an atom.

• Protons are scattered throughout the atom's volume.

• Protons are located in the outer shell of the atom.

• Protons are found in the electron cloud.

What role do neutrons play in the nucleus of an atom?

• Neutrons are negatively charged particles in the nucleus.

• Neutrons are responsible for the chemical properties of an atom.

• Neutrons are the primary carriers of energy in nuclear reactions.

• Neutrons help stabilize the nucleus and contribute to the atomic mass.

How is the periodic table organized?

• Organized by color and size

• Grouped by the year of discovery

• The periodic table is organized by increasing atomic number and grouped by similar chemical properties.

• Arranged randomly without any order