MI EOC U1 PCR, Sequencing, BLAST

What is the purpose of PCR?

• To produce millions of copies of DNA.
• To produce millions of copies of a specific region of DNA
• To add nucleotides to a DNA sequence
• To watch polymerase work.

Explain the steps involved in the Polymerase Chain Reaction process.

• Folding, Splicing, and Packaging

• Denaturation, Annealing, and Extension

• Replication, Transcription, and Translation

• Mixing, Heating, and Cooling

What is the significance of the annealing step in the PCR process?

• It helps in the separation of the DNA strands.

• It allows the primers to bind to the DNA template.

• It helps in the synthesis of new DNA strands.

• It helps in the extraction of DNA from the sample.

What is the denaturation step?

• mutating RNA polymerase

• Cooling DNA to allow primers to form

• separating DNA helix in a cold environment

• separating DNA helix with using heat

At what temperature does the Denature step of PCR occur?

• 94-96° C
• 50-65° C
• 72° C
• Any temperature

What is the role of DNA polymerase in PCR amplification?

• It synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to the template DNA.

• It transcribes RNA into DNA

• It regulates the temperature during PCR

• It breaks down the DNA strands into nucleotides

What is the Extension step?

• DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the 5' end

• RNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the 5' end

• DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the 3' end

• RNA polymerase adds nucleotides to the 3' end

What is the purpose of the Extension step of PCR?

• To create the primers.
• To extend the time it takes to produce DNA.
• To allow polymerase to create the complementary strands of DNA.
• To allow substrates to copy DNA sequences.

You decide to use PCR to determine if you have Cystic Fibrosis, a genetic disorder. You then decide to also check if you are at risk for developing Alzheimers, another genetic disorder.
What PCR "ingredient" would be different in these two tests?

• Template DNA
• Nucleotides
• Taq DNA polymerase
• Primers

Why does PCR require a specific type of polymerase?

• Taq polymerase can withstand the range of temperatures in PCR without denaturing.
• Taq polymerase is the most inexpensive type of polymerase.
• Taq polymerase is the most common type of polymerase.
• A specific type of polymerase is unnecessary.