DNA Structure, DNA Replication & Protein Synthesis Review

The primary function of DNA is to ____________.

• store genetic information

• provide energy to cells

• transport oxygen in the blood

• catalyze biochemical reactions

2) DNA is composed of nucleotides. What are the 3 components of nucleotides?

• A nitrogenous base, a sugar molecule, and a phosphate group

• A protein, a lipid, and a carbohydrate

• A ribosome, a mitochondrion, and a chloroplast

• A cell wall, a cell membrane, and a nucleus

3) What sugar is found in DNA?

• Glucose

• Fructose

• Ribose

• Deoxyribose

4) What four nitrogen bases are found in DNA?

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

• Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil

• Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil

Chargaff's rules, or the base-pairing rules, states that the amount of adenine equals the amount of __________ and the amount of cytosine equals the amount of __________.

• thymine; guanine

• guanine; thymine

• cytosine; adenine

• adenine; cytosine

6) Using Chargaff's rules, find the percentage of guanine, thymine, and cytosine for the organism: Organism: A = 23.3%

• Guanine = 26.7%, Thymine = 23.3%, Cytosine = 26.7%

• Guanine = 26.7%, Thymine = 23.3%, Cytosine = 23.3%

• Guanine = 23.3%, Thymine = 23.3%, Cytosine = 26.7%

• Guanine = 26.7%, Thymine = 26.7%, Cytosine = 23.3%

7) Which nitrogen base always pairs with Adenine?

• Thymine

• Cytosine

• Guanine

• Uracil

8) Which nitrogen base always pairs with Cytosine?

• Adenine

• Thymine

• Guanine

• Uracil

Identify a nucleotide from the DNA double helix.

• Adenine

• Glucose

• Cholesterol

• Insulin

In the cell cycle, DNA replication occurs in the ____________.

• the S phase

• the G1 phase

• the G2 phase

• the M phase