Cell signaling AP

What is the process by which cells communicate with each other?

• Cell transportation

• Cell division

• Cell reception

• Cell signaling

Which molecules are commonly involved in cell communication?

• Antibodies

• Enzymes

• Neurotransmitters, hormones, cytokines, growth factors

• Lipids

Explain the concept of signal transduction in cell communication.

• Signal transduction is the process of cell division

• Signal transduction involves the movement of cells in the body

• Signal transduction is the process of cell respiration

• Signal transduction is the process by which a cell converts one kind of signal or stimulus into another.

What is the role of receptors in cell communication?

• Receptors in cell communication have no role in triggering cellular responses

• Receptors in cell communication are only found in plant cells

• Receptors in cell communication produce signaling molecules

• Receptors in cell communication recognize and bind specific signaling molecules to trigger a cellular response.

How do cells regulate their progression through the cell cycle?

• Checkpoints controlled by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins

• Cells regulate their progression through the cell cycle by external factors only

• Cells regulate their progression through the cell cycle by random chance

• Cells regulate their progression through the cell cycle by following a predetermined schedule

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What is the primary role of receptor proteins in cell signaling?

• To synthesize signal molecules

• To receive and respond to chemical signals

• To produce cellular energy

• To replicate DNA

What is the main function of second messengers in cell signaling?

• To amplify the signal received by the receptor

• To deactivate the signaling pathway

• To act as the primary signal molecule

• To directly alter gene expression

In the context of signal transduction, what is a kinase?

• An enzyme that adds phosphate groups to proteins

• A molecule that binds to DNA to initiate transcription

• A type of receptor on the cell surface

• A second messenger molecule

Which of the following is a characteristic of cell signaling pathways?

• They are irreversible.

• They only occur outside the cell.

• They can amplify the signal received by the cell.

• They reduce the specificity of the signal.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Which of the following best describes the specificity of cell signaling?

• All cells respond to all signals in the same way.

• Only certain cells can respond to a specific signal, depending on the receptors they express.

• Signals are not specific and can induce any response in any cell.

• Cell signaling is random and unpredictable.