AP Psych: Unit 2, Cognition

At a faculty party Dr. Sanchez is attentively listening to Dr. Chen talk about her latest research on facial recognition, when he suddenly becomes aware of someone mentioning his name on the other side of the room. This phenomenon is known as:

• inattentional blindness.

• change blindness.

• the cocktail party effect.

• blindsight.

In a now-classic study by Simons and Chabris (1999), study participants watched two teams pass a basketball among teammates. One team was wearing white shirts and the other was wearing black shirts. Participants were told to count how many times the team wearing the white shirts passed the basketball, thereby directing their attention to the white shirts and ignoring the black shirts. Interestingly, more than half of the study participants failed to notice when a man wearing a black gorilla suit walked right past the two teams. This phenomenon is known as:

• change blindness.

• inattentional blindness.

• the cocktail party effect.

• blindsight.

• iconic memory.

Janis volunteered to participate in a psychology experiment. When she arrives at the lab, a lab assistant standing on the other side of a counter greets her. The lab assistant explains the informed consent procedure and asks her to sign the form. As the lab assistant reaches for the form he drops it behind the counter. He drops down behind the counter to pick up the form, but, unbeknownst to Janis, another person stands up holding the form. After Janis signs the form, she is asked if she noticed the change. She replies that she did not. This phenomenon is known as:

• inattentional blindness.

• change blindness.

• the cocktail party effect.

• visual interaction.

The way in which you quickly group the individual letters in this test item into separate words best illustrates the principle of

• proximity.

• interposition.

• perceptual constancy.

• accommodation.

The distance between our right and left eyes functions to provide us with a cue for depth perception known as

• proximity.

• interposition.

• linear perspective.

• retinal disparity.

Railroad tracks appear to converge in the distance. This provides a cue for depth perception known as

• linear perspective.

• interposition.

• connectedness.

• continuity.

Grass seen through sunglasses appears equally as green as it does without glasses. This best illustrates

• Weber's law.

• sensory interaction.

• color constancy.

• the McGurk effect.

Jamaal has to make an important phone call. Unfortunately, his cell phone is not charged so he has to use his landline, which does not store phone numbers. To make the call, he has to get the number from his cell phone and remember it long enough to dial it on his landline. For this task, which memory is most important?

• working memory

• long-term memory

• flashbulb memory

• echoic memory

Dr. Napleton prefers to give his students all essay and fill-in-the-blank questions in order to fully test their:

• recall.

• recognition.

• reconstruction.

• reinforcement.

You hear a familiar word in your native language and it is virtually impossible not to recognize the word's meaning. This best illustrates the importance of:

• flashbulb memory.

• automatic processing.

• iconic memory.

• semantic encoding.