Biology Keystone Review Module A #3

Trees are typically able to transport water from their roots to their stems and leaves. Which statement describes the property of water that most supports the transportation of water to all parts of a tree?

• Water forms a crystalline structure when it freezes.

• Water dissolves fewer substances than any other liquid.

• Water has strong attractions to itself and many other molecules.

• Water can absorb large amounts of energy with minimal temperature changes.

Which process best describes the assembly of proteins from amino acids?

• Atoms are linked to form a compound.

• Monomers are linked to form a polymer.

• Atoms are added to a monomer until it becomes a polymer.

• Molecules are added to a compound until it becomes a monomer.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Carbon can combine with many different elements but frequently combines with oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen to form organic molecules. Which statement best explains why carbon is able to form a large number of different molecules?

• Carbon forms only ionic bonds.

• Carbon can form only ring structures.

• Carbon can form four covalent bonds.

• Carbon forms small, simple structures.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Which action must occur for an enzyme to catalyze a chemical reaction?

• A competitive inhibitor must first bind to an active site.

• A substrate must bind to an active site of the enzyme.

• A substrate must bind to an allosteric site of the enzyme.

• A noncompetitive inhibitor must first bind to an active site.

Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down lipids in the digestive system of humans. It functions best at a pH range of 4.0 to 5.0. When a person takes an antacid tablet to relieve heartburn, the antacid increases the pH to around 7 in certain areas of the digestive system. Which initial effect would most likely be caused by a change in pH?

• More lipids would be digested.

• Fewer lipids would be digested.

• The production of lipase molecules would increase.

• The production of lipase molecules would decrease.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

Which characteristic allows carbon atoms to form chains and rings with other carbon atoms?

• Carbon has several forms.

• Carbon can form four covalent bonds.

• Carbon is the fourth most abundant element in the universe.

• Carbon is a structural part of lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Cellulose is a carbohydrate and a polymer of glucose. Which statement best describes how cellulose is formed within living organisms?

• It is assembled by bonding individual atoms.

• It is constructed by connecting smaller monomer subunits.

• It is the product of the decomposition of a much larger molecule.

• It is the result of a physical change that alters the shape of a compound.

Cells are largely made of organic compounds that contain carbon. Which property of the carbon atom makes it an essential component of organic compounds?

• Carbon is a nonmetal.

• Carbon oxidizes to carbon dioxide.

• Carbon is solid at room temperature.

• Carbon can form four covalent bonds.