AP Lang -- Logical Fallacies -- Definitions

a logical fallacy where someone makes a comparison between two things that are not really alike in the relevant respects; the connection is too superficial to support the conclusion being made

• False (or Weak) Analogy
• Logical Fallacy
• Bandwagon Fallacy
• Appeals to Authority

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RI. 9-10.8

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.11-12.8

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

When the appeal to pathos (pity, fear, pride, vanity) is the basis of the argument, without using facts or logic

• Slippery Slope Fallacy
• Logical Fallacy
• Overly Emotional Fallacy
• Stereotypying Fallacy

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RI. 9-10.8

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.11-12.8

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

occurs when someone distorts or exaggerates another person's argument, and then attacks the distorted version of the argument

• Ad Hominen
• Non sequitur
• Red Herring
• Strawman Argument

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

a conclusion that does not logically follow from the previous statement

• Red Herring
• Bandwagon Fallacy
• Non sequitur
• Ad Hominen

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

Argument that appeals to only two choices, where the intent is to lead the audience to believe one of the two outcomes is the supposed right choice

• Overly Emotional Fallacy
• Slippery Slope Fallacy
• Either/Or (aka False Dichotomy) Fallacy
• Stereotypying Fallacy

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RI. 9-10.8

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.11-12.8

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

Making a rushed conclusion without considering all factors or variables.

• Hasty Generalization
• Non sequitur
• Ad Hominen
• Bandwagon Fallacy

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

Saying something must be true (or false) just because there is not evidence to support the contrary or opposing side.

• Appeal to Ignorance
• Ad Hominen
• Bandwagon Fallacy
• Appeals to Authority

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RI. 9-10.8

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.11-12.8

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

If the main premise of the argument is that many people believe it/agree or do it so it must be good/true/acceptable.

• Stereotypying Fallacy
• Bandwagon Fallacy
• Slippery Slope Fallacy
• Logical Fallacy

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RI. 9-10.8

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.11-12.8

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

The premise of this fallacy is using a person with sort of credibility to endorse the argument. A famous person believes it, so it must be true. Also applies to when the endorser has no relation to the premise.

• Logical Fallacy
• Appeals to Authority
• Red Herring
• Appeal to Ignorance

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RI. 9-10.8

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.11-12.8

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

Attacking the person's character or credentials instead of addressing the real argument they are making.

• Red Herring
• Ad Hominen
• Logical Fallacy
• Non sequitur

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1