What is the first type of organism to appear during primary succession?

• Trees

• Pioneer species

• Grasses

• Large animals

How does secondary succession differ from primary succession?

• Secondary succession starts where soil already exists.

• Secondary succession begins without any soil.

• Secondary succession takes longer than primary succession.

• Secondary succession removes pioneer species.

Which event is most likely to lead to primary succession?

• A wildfire in a forest

• A hurricane flooding a coastline

• A volcanic eruption creating new land

• A forest being cleared for farming

What do pioneer species do in primary succession?

• Create soil for other plants to grow

• Remove competition between species

• Stabilize populations of large animals

• Provide shade for larger plants

During primary succession, what increases over time?

• Soil quality and plant diversity

• Soil moisture and water levels

• Plant size and animal populations

• Population stability and competition

Which is a similarity between primary and secondary succession?

• Both begin with the appearance of grasses.

• Both occur after an ecosystem disturbance.

• Both begin with the presence of soil.

• Both rely on human activity to start.

Which disturbance would lead to secondary succession?

• A volcanic eruption covering land with lava

• A flood damaging a forest

• A glacier retreating and exposing bare rock

• An earthquake lifting ocean sediment to the surface

What factor allows secondary succession to happen faster than primary succession?

• Presence of water

• Presence of soil

• More sunlight

• Fewer pioneer species

What happens to species diversity during secondary succession?

• It decreases.

• It increases over time.

• It remains the same.

• It disappears completely.

In secondary succession, which plants are likely to grow first?

• Small grasses and shrubs

• Large trees

• Pioneer species like mosses

• Algae in shallow water