Early Astronomy and Laws of Motion Review

Which ancient Greek philosopher first concluded that the Earth is shaped like a sphere?

• Aristotle
• Ptolemy
• Copernicus
• Aristarchus

What evidence did Aristotle use to support his conclusion about Earth's shape?

• The curved shadow Earth casts on the moon
• The appearance of different constellations at different latitudes
• The circular shape of the horizon
• The spherical shape of other celestial bodies

In the geocentric model of the solar system, what was believed to be at the center?

• The Sun
• The Earth
• Jupiter
• The Moon

Who was the first Greek to propose a heliocentric model of the solar system?

• Ptolemy
• Copernicus
• Aristarchus
• Kepler

What is the apparent westward drift of planets called?

• Retrograde motion
• Prograde motion
• Elliptical motion
• Heliocentric motion

Who discovered retrograde motion?

• Galileo
• Aristarchus
• Copernicus
• Ptolemy

Which astronomer's precise observations, especially of Mars, were later used by Kepler?

• Galileo
• Copernicus
• Tycho Brahe
• Aristotle

How many laws of planetary motion did Kepler discover?

• Two
• Three
• Four
• Five

According to Kepler's 1st Law, what shape is the path of each planet around the sun?

• Circle
• Ellipse
• Parabola
• Hyperbola

In an elliptical orbit, where is the sun located?

• At the center
• At one focus
• At both foci
• At the vertex

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1