Statistics and Probability

The scatter plot below shows how many hikers reached a mountaintop overlook on different days during the year.

Which statement correctly describes the association between temperature and number of hikers that reached the overlook?

• The association is positive but not linear.

• The association is negative but not linear.

• The association is linear because it is negative.

• The association is neither positive nor negative because it is not linear.

The graphs of which the following relationships would demonstrate a positive association between variables? Select all that apply.

• Outside temperature and cost to heat a home

• Number of people in a grocery check-out line and how long you have to wait to check out

• Length of time you have walked and distance you have traveled

• Pounds of cherries you buy and amount of money you spend on cherries

• Speed of train and the amount of money you spend on cherries

The scatter plot below shows the points scored and the points allowed by the Bulldogs football team for several games. Which association (correlation) best describes the data?

• No association (correlation)

• Positive association (correlation)

• Negative association (correlation)

• Nonlinear association (correlation)

As part of the training program for a triathlon, Marcie completes a three-mile run a few times each week. The scatter plot below shows the times in which Marcie completes this run for each week that she has been in the training program.

Based on the data, which statement best describes the relationship between the number of weeks Marcie has been in the training program and her running times?

• There is a negative linear association with no outliers.

• There is a negative linear association with one outlier.

• There is a positive linear association with no outliers.

• There is a positive linear association with one outlier.

After a board game competition, the tournament director collects 50 dice from the games played and rolls each one until he gets bored and tries a different one. The scatter plot shows the number of times he rolled each die and the number of 6s that resulted during those rolls.

Based on the data, which statement best describes the relationship between the number of times the die is rolled and the number of 6s that resulted during those rolls?

• There is a negative linear association with no outliers

• There is a negative linear association with one outlier

• There is a positive linear association with no outliers

• There is a positive linear association with one outlier

If a line of best fit models data very well, what would you expect to see in a graph of the data and the line?

• The line has a positive slope.

• The line has a negative slope.

• The line is very close to all of the points.

• The line is close to some of the points but not very close to the other points.

Line k is the line of best fit for a set of data on scatter plot. The data show a strong linear association. Which scatter plot best represents these data and line k?

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The scatter plots below both show the year and price for the same 17 used cars. However, each scatter plot shows a different model for the relationship between year and price.

Which model does a better job of predicting the price of a used car from its year?

• Model A

• Model B

• Both A and B

• The models cannot be used to predict the price of a used car from its year.

Which of these most closely approximates a line of best fit for the data in the scatter plot?

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